PAGE FOUR

, THE GUARDIAN

Morning Daily (rounded Us 1887i. Authariaed as Second Clasp Mail, Post Office Department. Ottawa.

The lsland Guardian Pubiiablng Co. President. Ian A. Burnett; vlee-rresiaent. Wm. it. gunner; Soup-Till!" G. M. Burnett; Editor and ma.“ Director, .|. 3.. Burnett; Associate Editor. Frank Walker.

“ _"The Strongest Memory is Weaker TM" the Weakest Ink.“

CHARLOTTETOWN. THURSDAY, APRIL 22. 194B

St. Jullen

I

Today, April 22, marks the thirty-third an- niversary of one of the great battles of modern times, commonly called the battle of St. Julien, or the second battle of Ypres. It was the battle in which the First Canadian Division in World War I received their first real baptism of firc. It saw the introduction of gas as an effective weapon in warfare, when the Germans discharged deadly chlorine fumes from cylinders on a front of about four miles at Langemarck, Belgium, op- posite a sector held by the French. The effect of the discharge, which came as a complete surprise against unprotected troops, was to eliminate all resistance on the front affected for a depth ol several miles. Launched at 5 o'clock in the afternoon, by 8 p.m. there were no formed bodies of French troops east of the Yser canal; all their batteries in that sector had been captured, and the Canadian flank for more than 8,000 yards lay baro and exposed to attack.

The fighting which followed during the next few days took terrible toll. Between the Ypres- Poelchappelle Road and St. Julien, two support- ing platoons of the I3th Battalion were exterm- inated in countering the German move to pene- trate the trench line and roll it up towards Calais. The l0th Canadian Field Battery, by switching fire to the left rear, stopped the enemy at 200 yards before moving to a less exposed position. These are but instances from a record running to many pages of epic narrative. The result was trenchantly summed up by the British Command er, Sir John French, in an order of the day: "ln spite of the danger to which they were exposed the Canadians held their ground with a magnifi-

‘cent display of tenacity and courage and it is not too much to say that the bearing of these splendid troops averted a disaster."

This battle set a high mark of achievement, and there is no question but that it inspired suc- cessive Canadian troops to further magnificent efforts. The First World War itself has now re- ceded into history; it _has been followed by a still more tremendous conflict in which Canadians played an equally glorious part. But if the sharp outlines of the earlier battles are fading even in the memories of those who participated, it is fitting that their anniversaries should be cam- memorated; not in any boastful spirit, but as a reminder of the price we have paid. At St. Julien

thegfatilieirsfioftmany of those who fought in the last war received their blood baptism, and many there were for whom "the trumpets sounded on the other side."

The Voting ln Italy

At the time of writing, it would appear that

0 Ilse Christian Democrats at Rome are firmly in "he saddle. Premier de Gosperi's position, as pointed out by o Canadian Press analyst, has been doubly emphasized by the popular vote and by his ability to police the country against election violence. The result is regarded as a portentious victory for the world's anti-Communist forces and especially for the United States, which for the ._first time in history threw its weight unreservedly into the internal politics of a major foreign coun- try. There is every reason to believe, however, that the Communists will still seek to cause trou- ble, at least until May 8, when the new Senate and Government will have been organized. The Communist leaders, along with the left wing Soc- ialists with whom they combined in the election, have promised to abide by the election returns; but if this should happen it will be something new in Communist history. It is unlikely that the Gasperi Government has any illusions on this subject. They take their politics realistically in Europe, and no side is likely to forget that the battle of the ballots may be but a curtain raiser and not a finale to the Italian political drama. In any case, however, the result of the voting is

_ of cheering import for democracy.

Speaking 0f IIMII

, This is the month for filing income tax re- turns. If the tax is high, perhaps there is some L nsolotian in knawin that what is called "per-

_ sonal income" in Can do last year amounted to

, the astronomical sum of $i0,259,000,000, o:

‘$723,000,000 more than in i946. This is made up of salaries, wages and all kinds of labor in-

come, less the amount paid out for social insur- ance and government pension funds. Then there is the total of allv military pay and allowances;

..ond the not income of agriculture and other un-

incorporated businesses. A fourth item is the

‘income received by individuals in the form of

"interest, dividends, and not rentals. Finally,

j after we have added payments mode by govern-

fjmobts to individuals, and other payments to in-

jdividuals by_ charitable contributions made by

'_.‘ corporations, we have a grand total of the per-

,’ aonal income of all the Canadian people.

f; Here the statistician devises a table of per-

honal expenditures to balance personal income.

i-‘Thoso are grouped under throo headings. First,

, all kinds of direct taxes; second, the total ox-

ispondltaro for all consumqr goods and services;

‘and third, the total amount of money saved by

lion individuals. m» items mu awn.- n».

Qocoppxnt for the total amount of personal in-

a billion dollars

,;I|.\-

ly rote I77 $7M million.

This had the effect of decreasing the amount of personal savings; in fact, individuals were only able to save 7.5 per cent of personal income in I947, as compared with ll.l per cent in I946.

- EDIIURIAL NOTES -

Good or bad, the present lsland labourleg- islation is incomplete. Labour relations Is s! comparatively new problem here and now that if has arisen it should be dealt with by_a_ compre- hensive code adaptted‘ to‘ local Colllllfllifli

North America is geogroplrififlllY °<l°l>l°d to North and South Cfimlllilliltflflilll‘. The 505i and West boundary is a purely political one and renders our railway communication a political rather than a purely ‘commercial proposition.

j if i

Pheasants Unlimited is to be congratulated on its project for importing 400 Bob-whites this Province. The bird which is known as quail in the Northern States and as Partridge in the South ranges from the Gulf States to Southern Ontario and is an enemy to many weeds and ‘Iii- sects as well as beinngip nlosbpopulor game bird-

The Dominion Government and the admin- istrators of the Veterans’ Land Act are to be congratulated not on the large numbers who have been settled on the Jand but on the dis- crimination applied in/selecting settlers. After World War I all and sundry were put on the Ian-l with the well known unfortunate results.

st it k k

Veterans of the Canadian First Army and others will fallow with interest the revisit of Lt.-Gen. Charles Foulkes to the Low Countries. The honours being bestowed upon him are given in his representative capacity as a delegate _of every Canadian soldier who fought for the lib eration of those areas.

k l’ I i

The Merchant Navy personnel did a splen- did war job which has been recognized in many ways. At the same time their rates of pay were far in excess of that of the armed forces and to give them equal rehabilitation grants with ex- servicemen would be to discriminate against those who served in the armed forces.

fl k is It

The Church of England can hardly be ac- cused of evading issues. A Church commission has recently reported on the moral aspects of the atomic bomb. The conclusion is that it is right to make and stockpile the bombs and lhat defensive necessity might justify its use against an unscrupulous aggressor.

k * t fl

Henry Fielding, English novelist and mis- cellandous writer, born this date I707; was contemporary of Fox and Pitt at Eton, later pro- ceeding to Leyden. At twenty-three he became an actor, producing a number of his own plays. He discovered his true bent was novel writing, his first novel being published when he was twenty-five, and he ranked among the greatest novelists. His publications include Jonathan Wild, The Great, Tom Jones, and Amelia: "Philosophy makes us wiser, but Christianity makes us better men." i Q i i Q

Several points which should be guides in the consideration of industry research were offered by Dr. Franklin B. Snyder, president of Northwest- cin University, Evanston, lll., at the annual meeting of the Association of Frozen Food Pack- ers. Among Dr. Snyder's suggestions were: (I) That research is no substitute for business ex- perience and good management. (2) That re- search sharply focussed on specific problems yields excellent results, but that "research which pays best in the long run, is that which is not concerned with specific problems but with broad basic ones."

It is encouraging to note, says The Times Review, that a move has been undertaken at St. Thomas to do something to abate the smoke nuisance created by railroads in towns along their right-af-way. In the New York Cen-tral's office there, an organization was set up, the ob- jective of which is to cut the railroad's share of sit-coke to the lowest possible arwunt short of dousing the fires that cause it. The movement was said to be voluntary an the part of the rail- roads in St. Thomas and the organization ta be set up will be patterned on the lines of one which has functioned very successfully on the American side of the Niagara frontier. Fourmf the prin- cipal railroad systems operating through St Thomas are co-operating in this drive.

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Quebec's Dairy Industry. Commission is studying proposals for a new system of regulating milk prices. The study follows action in Ontario where _th_o dairy industry was subject to a Royal Commission inquiry. Proposals before the Que- bec cammission are for minimum prices to milk producers and maximum prices for householders. A farmer would be guaranteed a price giving him a profitable return on his milk sales. Prices on retail sales to householders would be held down to‘ levels regarded as reasonable. Competitive pricing could be carried on among dealers hand- ling milk frorn famier to householders. Prices, fixed in Quebec at present, vary according to regional conditions. In Quebec City and district, farmers get $4 for I00 pounds of miIk—I0 cents a quart. Householders pay i7 cents a quart.

I C I O

A factory is now being built at Stoke-on- Trent, England, for the manufacture of new steel type tires. The- body will be of metal and rubber bonded together. The cover, thoroughly pliable, will bo loss than half the normal thick- ness. Many advantages are claimed for these "metal" tires. They will be naiI-proof-a thick pad of rubber between tho tire and the air-filled inner tube will absorb the points of nails and flints.’ They will enable motorists to reach very high speeds with the knowledge that tho heat thus generated will not affect the "metallic" walls. A softer more resiliontiido will be pro- vided and it will be possiilo to carry heavier loads. Finally tho new tire will be a “dollar sav-

or" since loss American carbon block (giving the rubber its wearing aualitios) will be needed.

.the whole. unless they

New baby carriages have storage space for groceries and other par- cels obtained on a shcpplng Lour. How convenient they would have been for the bootlegger of the post. — Ilbrt William Times-Jour- nal.

Although it. may not make any difference la Barbara Ami Scott. and Dick Butt/an, a. British scien- tist has proposed a new theory of haw a jkate makes its grooved figure on the lce. The general idea has been that. the ice melts un- der the blade. But. A. E. Bell of Clifton College, Bristol, reported ln the journal Nature that the moving skate generates only en- ough calories by its friction w make a lubricating water film two- thausandths of an inch thick. The visible track left by the skate fa made by plastic deformation of the solid lce under the blade edge, where the skaters wclght. ls cou- centrated to a pressure of about 1.000 pounds to the square lach.— From Newsweek Magazine.

Although new areas of the olty have been opened up, the com- muiiily is bursting at. the seams and the population ts spilling out into the suburbs. If all these com- munities vrere absorbed into one blg city. under one clvlc govern- ment, Monctan would have nov an estimated population of 40.000 u: 45.000. And a city of that size would be much more lnfluehtla‘ in the economy of’ Eastern Canada than the several independent com- munities that now exist. And in the long run it should be mire ad- vantageous to the citizens. How to bring about. this desirable state is a problem that. merits the study of community leaders. — Mancton Ttranscrlpt. ‘

A writer in one of the farm pap- ers claims that abuses of the Fam- lly Allowances or "baby bonus" has reached a stage where an effort should be made to see that this money ls used for the purpose in- tended, to feed. clothe and educate children properly. He asserts that. many families, and those in the law-income groups unfortunatei, simply look on this money as ended family income to be used as such with no thought to the children. His solution ls that some part of the allowance should be in the form of coupons to be exchanged for essential foods or other necessities for children. To build healthy bod- ies goad food is essential, states this svrlter. and he feels that. pres- erif cash payments do not ensure that all children are getting ivlta‘. is their right from this large ex- penditure. - Ottawa Journal.

There was a meeting the other day of the Niagara-Toronto Lake Shore Protective Association, a group first formed ln thls-cltv lrs October, 1945, and some of the facts since established by investi- gation were presented by S H. Fleming. KC, of St. Catharlnes. Where the share line was of clay formation. for instance, the rate of erosion has been approximately two-and-lhree-auarter feet per year over the past one hundred years. although the erosion was greater 1n the years of the period of high water than when the water was low. It was also found that. no erosion works can be successful on are cm- structed continuously along the en- tlre water front. - Hamilton spec tater.

Most New Yorkers will share with Mayor O'Dw_ver his satisfac- tion over Governor Dewey's ap- proval of the bill authorizing can- structlon of a new Madison Square Garden. This project, which has‘ been under discussion ln various forms for the last 18 months, is destined to occupy the greater part. at‘ two blocks extending from West. 58th to West 60th. street between Columbus Circle and Columbus avenue. New York greatly needs the mammoth sports arena sent- lng up to 25.000 persons, the cou- venllan and exhibition hall with its 200,000 square feet of floor space and the proposed garage w provide parking accommodations for 2.000 automobiles. The financ- lnipplans call for the Trlborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority to Increase ‘its outstanding bonds from $310,000,000 to $335,009.000 f0 hlllid the new Garden and then lease lr. to the Madison Square Garden Corporation for operation. - New York hm.

Although Canada has peat do- poslts-many of them in Ontario- comparable with the largest in Europe, production le still sbeurl- ly small -only 145 tons of peat fuel lh i046 and 08.880 tons of peat. moss. Were the Industry equivalent, proportionately to popu- lation, to the millions of tons produced annually ln Sweden, it would require the direct employ- ment. of 15.000 people. Were peat. used as fuel to the extent that it ls used ln Germany. thousands if Canadian homes and factories would be bumlng lt. This winter ft supplies more than 400.000 houses in the British zone of Germany or well as electric power stations and other plants. {reduction-there la rlslng by leoips and bounds. Pent mos can be put to a variety of urea, including poultry and stable litter, farmland mulch. and mater- lal for insulation: padding and packing. Pest. for fuel has a value. according tio one estimate. of a- bout I. a ton compared with hpr-d- wood or coal. Its moo may-be as low as so. But efforts to produce and market pest profitably lri 0a- nada have failed partly because of the high capital expenditure noes- sary for installation d modern ‘machinery and partly bananas of

the publleh unfamiliarity’ with the use of such fuel. - Ottawa Citizen.

o+oo PU BIJC FURUM

This column la opus to the sllaclfloa by corra- ‘ ' or

, ol _

lntorolt. The Charlottetown

Guardian doea not nooamr- ‘ tho ,‘ ‘ u.

GOIIBBELS’ LAST

Sir, -- Thank you for correct- ing a mistake In your paper's re- view of my address to the Gyro Club on "Germany after the War". I said: "Same of the top-ranking Nazis escaped worldly Justice, e.g. Hitler, the Gestapo chief Himm- ler, and Dr. Goebbels, the most. intelligent and eloquent of the Nazi leaders." He had been dead for a year when the trial was be-

lng conducted, ‘In this connection ll; might be of interest. to your‘ readers to see Goebbels’ Last Wlll: l , "I! we do not succeed ln jurnp-' ‘ing lnLo the great. power, we shall at least leave b0 our successors an inheritance, through which they themselves shall perish. The misery must be so extensive that the desperation, the woe, and the cries of cs0"? 0f the memes - lnl spfle of all references to us, the guilty ones -_- must. bi. directed at. those who think ‘themselves called to build ulp a new Germany of this chaos. 1 "And that is my last calcula-l tlori."

lQuoted from Dr. Goebbels’ diary and posted on walls and boardlngs in German towns after the war.)

I am. Sir, etc», GERDA HANSEN B North River Rd.

(Pro tom).

NEW MARKETS FOR MARITIMES

Sir,—-Now ls the opportune time for the Maritime Provinces to consider again the manifest han- dicaps under which they are lab- ouring as hewers of wood and drawers of water for the more highly favored Central Provinces, The recent increase in freight rates comes as a. shattering blow to any hope of favorable consid- cratlornfrom that quarter. The establishment. of transportation fa- cilities for moving commodities east. and west across great. land barriers, when nature and geogra- phy suggest. that. they should be moving north and south by land. or north, south, east. and west. by water poses a. problem that, only statesmen with a world outlook can solve. . For the Maritime Provinces wat- er transportation ls our salvation. The great ocean carriers come to our very doors. Newfoundland, the States of the Atlantic seaboard. the West. Indies and South Amer- ica, the British Isles and Europe offer ready markets for all the marketable commodities the Marl- times can produce, andwlaborate shipping facilities for every klnd of goods and sewlcesthey wish to buy.

Our future ls on the Ocean. No part. of the whole Dominion could make herself so independent of exorbitant land transportation costs as the Maritime Provinces. and British Columbia on the west coast. ls equally favorably situated. Why the coastal areas should have remained under the tutelage of the financial interests of Montreal. Toronto and Winnipeg so long ls an unsolved mystery.

Never will we have a better op- portunity a! reestabllshlng our ag- ricultural, fishing and ship-bulld- lng industries on a. permanent. and profitable basis and getting away once and for all from the disast- rous eflects of our dependence upon Western by-products. ‘rho’. subsidy-mad era of the Second World War set Maritime agricult- ure back twenty-five years. Who knows but. that. this freight. follv of the For-ties may hasten our ln- ilustrlal recovery?

The suggestion that. our rall- ways might go bankrupt l1 coh- tinued demands‘ for increased wages on the part. of otnployees, and increased freight. rates for goods were ignored, seem to have stirred latent. memories.

It may be recalled that it was bankruptcy of ideas In railroading that. led to the establishment of the C.N.R. and made lt a golng concern, lf going lnto debt ls a. symptom o! solvency and suffic- iency. ffthe present impasse in land transportation were the end of our difficulties we might. re- serve j dgment. and dleker for a new deal. but it. is only the begin- ning- Already there is an agita- tion on foot. for a further increase