Che Guardian overs Prince Edward Island Like The Dew W.J. Hancox, Publisher Frank Waker ditor mgs Birion. Lewis Executive Editor > Published every week day morning ean Sun for and Souris = Represented nationaliy by Thomson Newspapers PAdvertising Services [oronto, 425 University Ave. | Empire 38894, Montreal, 640 Cathcart Street University 6.5942; Western office, 1030 Wes “Georgia Street, Vancouver (MA 7037). Member Canadian Daily Newspaper Publishers Association and The Canadian Press The Canadian | Press is exclusively entitled to the use for repub- Hieation of all news dispatches in. this payer Eredited to it or t the Associated Press or Reuters lished herein. All id also to the local news ne aioe cial dispatches herein “rights or republication of 5} also reserved. rates. Not over 35¢ per week by carrer $11.00 @ year by mail or rural rot 1s and areas yret serviced by carrier. $14.00 » year off Island and U.K. $20.00 per in U.S. and elsewhere outside British Came wealth. Not over 7c per single copy. Member Audit 1 Bureau « of Circulation. e strongest memory 3 weaker than weakest ink” AY, OCTOBER 16, 1963 > Welcome Visitors + Welcome visitors to the Province today are the Hon. H. J. Robichaud, Federal Minister of Fisheries, and ‘Mr. J. B. Hstey, president of the Fisheries Council of Canad: who are scheduled to speak before the Prince Edward Island Fisheries Federation at its annual meeting this evening. Other prominent offic- jals will be present at the meeting, at which plans will be discussed for the national convention of the Fish- eries Council to be held here for the first time next April. Meanwhile, the industry is fac- ing serious problems at the local Jevel, and we note that a brief is now being prepared on this subject. by the provincial authorities for presentation at Ottawa later this month. This will come before Mr. Robichaud in a formal way, and we have every reason to expect that it will be given due consideration. Our problems, certainly, will not be new to him. We may assume that he has studied the comprehensive report of the Prince Edward Island Fisheries Development Committee which was prepared a few years ago under the chairmanship of the Hon. Thane A. Campbell, Chief Justice of the Province. This report was pased on a number of surveys and reports of various aspects of the industry, and emphasized the need r remedial measures in terms yhich, to a considerable extent, re- ain applicable today. Mr. Robichaud is himself a laritimer, and was a fisheries in- tector and later Director of Fish- ries for New Brunswick before mtering politics. This early experi- mee has served him in good stead grappling with the responsibili- ies of his office. We feel that he concerned about our fishermen and will do all in his ower to aid them in solving their nt difficulties. It is a privilege it us along with Mr. the is genuinely ur to have him v Estey at this time, when Parliament is in session and there are many chores to be attended to at Ottawa. The Wheat Sales Row The House of Commons received with applause last week the an- nouncement by Trade Minister Sharp that there will be no change in Canada’s wheat policy, despite United States threats of retaliation if this policy is continued. What is all this row about, and why has it stirred up so much anger at Washington? Ostensibly the reason is that we are selling wheat at an agreed-upon price—a policy that goes back for many years. The buyer undertakes to buy 80 much wheat over a period of time; the seller guarantees to sell the wheat at the price agreed upon. If, while the agreement is in force, the price goes up, the buyer is pro- tected against the rise. If the price goes down, the seller is protected against the drop. Apparently our re- cent agreement to sell 39 million bushels to Japan at a set price put the skids under U.S. plans to sell to Japan at a price higher than the Canadian price. This is how it is interpreted by the Winnipeg Free Press, which speaks with authority on the sub- ject. At the moment, because of harvests elsewhere in the world, ¢ United States and Canada have, pfactically,.a monopoly on wheat. The United States would like to have Canada “co-operate” in setting a “wheat price as high as the traftic | will bear. Ine U.S. an in- crease of 15 cents a bushel, on the assumption that under the laws of supply and demand the world price would go up by this amount. Canada, however, refused to go along. The Canadian price has in- ed by eight cents a bushel in —and could go up more. But the wheat board wisely is look- ing past the present temporary shortage. It believes that our tradi- tional customers should not be charged sky-high prices merely be- cause there is, temporarily, a sell- er‘s market in wheat. It believes that future sales of Canadian wheat should be protected, even at the ex- pense of a quick profit today.'There is also the danger that if the price of wheat were permitted to sky- rocket, farmers might be induced to grow more wheat—wheat which tomorrow we might have difficulty selling. It is not desirable to get at cross purposes with Washington on this or any other subject, but there is a limit to which Canadian acquies- cence in American demands can go. The limit seems to have been reach- ed in this case. The government at Ottawa, having made this decision, will be expected to stand firm on it. A Point Well Taken In the acrimonious debate on the status of the New Democratic Party and the divided Social Credit Party in the House of Commons last week, one speaker was singled out by the Otawa Journal as contributing a useful and sensible point. He was Mr. Heath Macquarrie, junior MP for Queens, who maintained that the Social Credit problem should not have been brought before the committee at all, but left to the divided members to settle as best they could. Mr. Macquarrie recalled to the committee that there is provision for facilitating the work of Parlia- ment and ensuring that the House is not occupied with petty matters. The assumption is that parties will make their own decisions and then use “the usual channels” which are in fact the private meeting between representatives of the various part- ies to allocate seats and rooms, de- cide on spokesmen to be recognized and arrange the business of the House on amicable lines. Without these “usual channels” Parliament would be bogged down with trivia. Intra-party feuds are not the business of Parliament but the “usual channels” of amicable discussion behind the scenes are neglected by those in search of privilege—and $4,000 extra a year. Our junior member for Queens had indeed a good point here, which the Government would do well to bear in mind in future. Unfortuna- tely, in this case, it committed it- self to a course that gave noisy party disputants the leeway they were looking for, and created a squabble that nearly brought the whole session to a standstill. EDITORIAL NOTES The Senate has now given third and final reading to the Govern- ment’s bill increasing old age pen- sions by $10 a month to $75. Royal assent is likely to be given this week, making it possible to include the inerease in the cheques to be mail- ed to nearly 1,000,000 pensioners later this month. ee Improved health facilities now protect pilgrims to Mecca. Hospitals in the area have iced water tubs for cases of heat stroke, and there are mobile health units, emergency phar- macies and even a modern ice fac- tory at the foot of Mount Arafat. More than a million Moslem wor- shippers from 60 countries journey~ ed to Mecca this year, yet the pil- grimage has been free from quaran- tinable diseases. PANG AAR It is encouraging to note that Canada has sold about 5,500,000 pounds of butter to the United Kingdom in the first major export sale of this kind since 1959. The consignment, to be delivered before Nov. 15, was priced well before the prevailing export level of about $2 cents a pound at Montreal dockside, The butter is one or two years old and the sale was under keen com- petition with the United States which is believed to have obtained tights to supply an equal amount at higher prices, with fresher but- ter involved, oa ‘ } nye Ss Bison any GUESS WHOSE LAWN IT'LL SETTLE ON Three-In-One Oral Vaccine By Dr. Theodore R. VanDellen Another milestone was passed with the announcement that the live oral poliovirus vaccine now contains: protection against all three strains. Two doses are re- quired, eight weeks apart, and immunity reaches, ts peak in ‘hie is in contrast to the older vaccine, which required three doses over a 12-week period. on! dose contained Type I, the ne: Tpe 2, and the last Type 3. Im- bed developed after four ithe ewoomer ls administered Jn a teaspoon or, paper uy Tt y be mixed with. sirup or milk, or dropped ona lump of sugar ora piece of bread or cake. At present, the mantifac- turers are recommending a boos- ter series after tw years. Most of the users will be children but the product is not recommended for infants under 6 weeks of age. The main advantage of the three- in- one- oral vaccine is that there is no need to-keep track of the separate types of vaccines given each child. This is a pro- blem when millions are immuni- zed over a short span of time, If anything, the savings in book- keeping and other administrative | costs will make the simpler me- thods worth-while, In addition, a single dose of the vaccine should confer some protection against all types of polio in communities population already posesses a certain degree of im- muinity The chief objection to any live oral poliovirus vaccine is that the virus may regain its strength daring its four-week sojourn n [the intestinal tract. In the cir- e organism might INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE Are We Moving Out Of The Ice Age? It would be just as wrong not to recognize the better interna- tional climate than to make too much of the changing atmos phere. Though it is still less than a year since the atomic showdown in Cuba, signs con- tinue to multiply that Russia and est are capable of achieving more together than calling each other names. The recent accords become the more impressive when they are looked at collectively. The PUBLIC FORUM éiscussion ‘This coumn Is open to me uoal correspondence, regare, ubmitted. JAIL CONDITIONS Sir,It is with deep regret and profound concern that I read in The Guardian recently of the controversial issue, which | is taking place. Prisoners walk- ing the streets! Queen's County Jail overcrowded! What public- ity for the finest Province of Canada. What a shameful situa- tion. First of all I resent the state- ment made by the Hon. A.W. Matheson, Leader of the Oppos- ition, in reference to the public buildings committee. I have been chairman for four years and on the committee since 1951. This committee is always made up of MLA’s of both parties, who are very conscientious in the duties required of them. Grant- ed while serving on several com- mittees it is hard to do justice to all, but I feel we, of this co miltee, have “scratched” much deeper than the surface. ‘The same civil servant has written the report under both Governments, and I will say this on his behalf, he has never tried to influence the committee any way or alter the report. Be- cause of committee recommen- dations the living conditions in Queen's County Jail have im- proved—in the last 2 or 3 years —to such an extent that many are committing small offences to be sent there, where, to use ae own words the 'meals— ent resta “are out of thls world" son for this change was to elim- inate the waste we found taking place. ‘The main reason for the over- crowding is that recently the re- peat alcoholics have been stop- ped from coming to Riverside Hospital. As a member of the Board of Governors, I might point out that we decided to admit only those that could be and wanted to be helped through treatment, but there are another class, who don’t want help and they are the ones going around the streets today. The majority of these to my ae are “sbakos” from the Charlottetown, which Ps hould make this a matter of grave con- cern to the City Couneil, who should work together with the Provincial Government, instead them entirely. of blamis opportunities to ob- tain liquor are as open in Sum- merside as taerterar alin but we haven't heard of any over-crowd- ing there. The last time Tv I visited there, it was just half full, so why can’t some of the hg st from Queen's serve their ere according to fection “10 The Prisoners Act, Lagi can be transferred from bens ae to another? serious problem which shoud be taken into ¢on- sideration by all public minded citizens of our fair Island, re- ffl Lam, Sir, ete. FRANK MY: Crap Ally, B lioy, Ottawa Journal test ban agreement is, of course, the most significant accomplish- ment. But some cynics who be- littled that achievement said there was nothing else on which East and West could agree. The answer to that has come quick- ly: the agreement in principle among the U.S., sia Pat initaikeen vou clene cee off orbiting space vehicles. FIRST MAJOR STEP By itself that accord may not be a major contribution to East-West understanding. But it is no mere abstraction. It 1s the first major step taken to- wards bringing the rule of law to outer space. Man may yet leave his quarrels on earth and make of space a zone of peace. President Kennedy has propos- ed U.S. and Russlan co-opera- tion in sending the first mortal fo the moon, a scheme appar- ently full of technical problems but nonetheless hopeful. There are other signs of better feeling. The atmosphere at UN is hopeful. Yesterday Mr. nedy announced the sale of US. wheat to Russia. The voice of America is no longer jammed. | That heroie churchman, Arcia- bishop Beran, has been rele ed in Czechoslovakia after years’ detention, WELCOME CHANGE What we have is a change of| stance, at least an emphasis on the positive. And who will be skeptic enough to say there ts not gain in that? To be sure, vilatiae the Weat's|=cbasie\ chjeslives re main, So does Berlin and the German question. But now per- haps botn sides have finally realized their objectives are un- attainable with nuclear weavons. Lord Home, the British F or eign Secretary, is a touth-mind- ed man; no naive idealist. Yet he stood before the United Na- tions the other day and allowed himself to hope that we may be ‘at the begtinning of the end of the cold w: With het reason, optimism comes hard after these yea But we should not become 8 much the prisoners of the past not to recognize the signs of a new Spring in the affairs of men. 2 "Classic In Frustration” Los Angeles Times The French government has | just approved proposals for a| vehicular tunnel under the Eng-| lish Channel, but the British are | balking. There must be _ something about rapid transit (as Los ‘An: | geles has reason to know) that brings out the mule in official-| dom and delays agreement on| expedited travel from hither to| thither. The English Channel tunnel is| a 150-year-old classic in frustra-| tion. It was first suggested by one | of Napoleon’s engineers in 1804, | and construction, was actually | started in 1882. (A decision on) rapid transit proposals in 80) years seems just about par, judging from local Heer After they had dug a mile froes Gabi oni) the’ 1082 venture was halted by British military nen who argued that it would facilitate invasion of the tight little island. Winston Churchill tried to get it going again in 1936, but the French were cool to the notion then. ‘The tunnel was revived in No- vember, 1961, when it seemed sure Britain would join the Common Market. It would cut freight rates by a third, and there were rosy vis- ions of brisk and profitable | trade, De Gaulle, however, vetoed Britain's Common Market membership. So British reaction aga inst the tunnel is understandable — anything that brings de Gaulle that much closer strikes them as a dubious bargain these days. ‘Tunnel prospects are dim. Here or there, rapid franiit seems to have a hex: on i The Moon Declassified Christian Science Monitor The really significant moves by the great powers are often, a Dag Hammarskjold once said, “wrapped in cotton wool." Before President Kennedy sug- gested a “joint expedition to the moon,” Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko has said his cou! was “willing now to take steps to prevent the spread of the ar- maments race to outer space.” This was in his speech to the United Nations on the day pre- vious. It was in answer to an bined Western proposal to this ager Kennedy quietly ac- the Gromyko hve ment in his address. “.,.Encour- aged by yesterday's affirmative Ponte) to this proposal by the F Minister,” he eald «..We: must continue to seek ment. panne table to ‘work arrangement he end. " was ben ago this teed ground, that Mr. Kennedy mi his dramatic be ‘This does not mean that the military use of Tatehites and oes pi tforms car be wr't' knows what the Russians might attempt in this region of nearhy space and there is no way at present of inspecting and sefe- guarding any agreement. So the United States military must, of necessity, continue to press re- search and development a a field, expensive thou; ‘This is being done. There has been a considerable fear and argument that the moon race had to be geared int this military contest and was be- ing so used. Most of the anoma- lies in the Apollo program can to this half- secret < = 3 = 2 ‘The debate Is over. Phi a fur- ther cot nein of Teleased by oailtary, eat at Teast by the ‘Preritent tn rd fully considered the milita gles. Manned travel into ‘distant be tirely in- The can do what it needs to do in the space around the earth. HUNT FOR ARSONIST Wf - ten are not far cut fn ‘the ‘moon, Ne one work Moprorys =! of an officials began an tntensive manhunt of the city of 10,000 ‘in western Illinois necessary” be transmitted from a vaccina- ted person to susceptible indivi- duals. Polio vaccines are paying divi- vidends. There were 3,401 cases during the first 33 weeks of 1959. The number dropped to 481 dur- ing the same period in 1961, and to 173 in 1963, Vaccine procedu- res should be carried on during the winter and spring months. (November to May). KIDNEY IMPAIRMENT .W.W. writes: How does pye- lonephritis affect the kidneys? Y REPL! Many kidney units are destroy- ved by infection and replaced With scar tissue. In the majority, this condition starts with a uri- nary tract infection early in life or during pregnancy. I tends to core and go, Unless treatment is instituted, inflammation ex- tencls into the kidney itself. ,RADIUM hee CANCER L. H. writes: NOTES BY THE WAY It’s easy to spot the husband who won't admit he's henpeck- ed. He smokes a big cigar while he washes the dishes.—Grit. Want your wife to you attentively and qu ie e a tly? Talk in your sleep. — Windsor Star. Maybe it’s as hard as ¢ say for a bey man to enter the kingdom of heaven, but nobody says a word about how hard it is for the poor man to stay alive.— The Dodge County Independent. A sign on a northern Wiscon- sin road in’ Sawyer county, site of the Chippewa Indian reserva- tion, reads: ‘‘Squaws on buffal- os have right of way.” —The Boscobel Dial. “What made you marry Daa. dy, Mummy?” “So you're be. ginning to wonder, too!”—Mon- treal Star. lege father feels that he isn’t losing a son but gaining’ an auto. mobile. But when the bills start rolling in he finds he can't af- ford the gas.—Door County Ad- vocate. Two youngsters were seated on the front steps talking idly. “Sure it's a swell day,” said one of them, “But winter's coming soon.” “How do you know that? the other said. “ "Cause I saw Mom repens taking out my Jong underwear and looking at it. cs — Fort William: Times—Jour- nal. A faint note of anxiety ac- companies the passing of the Adeneuer era. Is it safe to trust the Ger- mans? How will they react now that Konrad Adenauer is finally taking ‘his frm hand off the Ce ttaieig ichenddur a se? gap chancellor? Will Foreign Minister Gerhard Schroeder turn out to be the new strong- an? These are some of th tions as Erhard, ‘till on the sunny side of 70, takes over. to, day from the iron-willed man of 87 who has ruled the Federal Republle for the last 14 years. Historically, it is a major turning point, It ends a virtu- ally unbroken 30-year period of strong personal rule, first under the fanatical Adolf Hitler and then under the benevolent, but autocratic, Adenaver. Erhard, ruddy-cheeked, eigar- smoking economist from Ba- varia, tends to be played down as a “rubber lion’ who will col- lapse under heavy pressure. Some observers foresee a strug- gle for power within a few months. OVERLY HESITANT After Adenauer, What? By Alan Harvey Canadian Press Staff Writer crats, will topple the Christian Democrats in the next election. Apart from personalities, the transfer of power may result in fresh questioning about German intention: ice the Second World War, an_ unidentified German poli tician has been quoted as say- ing, the German people have come to realize “they are not generally loved and do not even Tove themselves.” SHOW HOSTILITY Some British newspapers, headed by The Daily Express, have repeatedly, shown hostility. is paper has long sought to expose, the duplicity of the Germens,” The Express sai recently. “They cannot be trusted A much more favorable re- port on Germany comes from Terence Prittle of the Man- chester Guardian, Transferred to London after 16 years as a correspondent in West Ger- many, Prittie seys the old “ine ward looking, isolated” Ger- many has been replaced by a natn that wants to belong to the Western community in the fullest sei Tt may be thet the new chan cellor is He shown himself patient, Bene hesitant, in withstanding a se- ries of snubs from Adenauer, who would have preferred al- most anyone else to succeed im. But Erhard is the architect of the post-war economic mir- acle, the free trader who Bt a schnitzel in every German fry- ing pan, and his Depa wih the ordinary voter Hime eiolenatien ehitatel that A ooh magazine — The Spectati a anti- German sentiment, that ‘cen- sorious chorus in’ which die- hards of the left vie with the Inow-nothings of the right.” nglo - German differences, cae eeatia says, are & “residue of antagonism and in comprehension left by history And The Evening News, in an article by Charles Curran, says hose who repeatedly sal (a picion of Germ: fogo “on killing’ Hitler” mtd Willy Brandt's Social Demo- their mouths.” is dangerous to te exposed to ra- dium. If so, why is cancer treat- ed with this substance? Because it kills cancer cells. This disease is far more danger- our than being exposed to ra- dium. Rhe rays are directed to- ard the malignancy and the rest of the body is protected. Today’s Health Do you \tnqw how to call the police and fire departments if Our Yesterda (From they Guardian Files) TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO October 16, 1938 London, Oct. 13 (CP-Havas)— A Canadian industrial aviation commission arrived in England today to start .a series of im- portant cousrearsy with air sec- retary Sir Kingshey Wood on es- tablishment ere : Reis aviat- fon company in the Dominion, Kingston, Ont. eal poll vite Lieut-Col. F. of Charlottetown Ca aes sec- ond vice-president f the Cana- ian Signal viagra at hes annual meeting here Saturdé Major J, L. ‘willis ot Tana was elected president. TEN YEARS AGO October 16, 1953 Rev. A. Frank MacLean of Trinity United Church beh be South Africa’s “Big Hole,” one of the largest and most lucrative diamond mines in history, is going to get bigger. Soon digging will resume for the first time in years in the famed Kimberley Mine, wyhoret glittering harvest made name Cecil Rhodes a iene word in the 19th century. It is the practice of major compan- jes to alternate production among reserve mines, The announcement of Kim- berley’s revival in December by De Beers Consolidated Min- es should brighten many a gran- de dame’s eyes with beaded tears of nostalgia: Between 1871 en 1914, when the pit was clos- for economic reasons and Sitneultien caused by water seepage, its bluish-green stone yielded 14,504,375 carats of a girl's best friend. In the world of well-heeled romance, the gift of a Kimber- ley diamond sealed countless tender troths — and perha) few neither pure nor Taig ee icit. SIAMOND CAPITAL The Big Hole is only one of five yawning cavities at the city of Kimberley, birthplace of the diamond industry, The neat, modern city of Sete hate stands on open vi southwest of ornate i Famed Diamond Mine National Geographie Society Mine is ‘“‘the erase man-made hole in the world. ‘The crater could easily swal- low the Empire State Building, Its mouth covers 38 acres about the same area as the city's blossom-clouded munict- pal park. The mine reaches 3. 601 feet down into stone. It was in 1871 when prospect- ors began finding diamonds in ground quite different from their bailiwiick— the gravel beds of rivers. This was yel- lowish, crumbly earth; beneath it lay a strange, heavy bluish- green volcanic ‘stone apparent- ly forced from extreme depths eons ago through fissures shaped like iar Such tubes lay beneath the farm of two De Beer brothers. When the word got noised around, ships lost crews, shops lost clerks, women lost hus bands and the church may have lost a curate or two. ‘The rush came in a torrent of men on horseback, wagon, cart, and 3 MADE GETAWAY Tents, shacks, and highly prized iron how overnight in a ‘inter Prailed Kimberley after the then Bri- tish Colonial Secretary. The privacy- loving De Beers sold He ge for 6,000 pounds ded into oblivion, bat ied name was given to speaker at the the heart of the Republic of a the new Sydney fiver South Africa. great combine formed by Church, — recently . | _ Kimberley, a sizable city by ie brilliant young men—Cecil ‘This is unique, in that | South African standards, has » yale) and Barney Barnato.. it has been built amd’ will be | romantic civic peculiarity: It} As in boom towns verywhere by denom(na- | Iaunders its dirt. "never a| life in Kimberley was dust, tions, Baptist, Presbyterian, | homeowner digs a new base-) mud, skullduggery, hunger, Anglican and United Church. ment, sinks post holes, or exca-| heartbreak, and, for a few, for vates for any other reason, he| tune. Water was so. precious Two Istand students were | has the debris bier washed | that people with means bathed al out to see dia- i ae ee Vat ie Convoca’ McGill Uni- | monds. jut Kim! prol ne ggg ay a gid ‘There is a wider open dia-| er had the hell- for- leather zest Dorothy Cox, of Charlotte- |, mond mine— the Premier near America’s fabled, _saloon- town, Bachelor of Nursing, and | Pretoria. But none is more fa-| studded mining towns. For one Lloyd Beck MacLeod of Grand-| xnous than the Kimberley.| thing, salaried laborers were view, Master of Science in| Nourists happily accept the uor and playing Agronomy. city’s claim that Kimberley @ ACCOUNTING MACHINES Charlottetown @ CALCULATORS @ WANT TO IMPROVE YOUR BUSINESS EFFICIENCY? VISIT THE OFFICE EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS EXHIBITION at the Charlottetown Hotel Monday; Oct. 21 Tuesday, Oct. 22 Wetnesday, Oct. 23 SYSTEMIZED CASH REGISTERS Plus « host of other modern office machines and systems. Sponsored by H. M. SIMPSON LIMITED Summerside RESERVE TIME NOW AND PLAN TO ATTEND THE SHOW.