She Guardian

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@hariettetown, P.E.1., by the Thomson Company Ltd
fan A. Burnett, Publisher and General Manage
Frank Walker, Editor
Member Canadian Daily Newspaper
Poblishers Association
Member of The Canadian Press

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PAGE 4

Our Bi-Centenary Too
On the night of October 1st bon-
fires will flare across the Province of

Nova Scotia and. by rights they

should burn in Prince Edward Is-
land too. Nova Scotia, of course, is
celebrating the 200th anniversary of
representative Government and
Prince Edward Island was part of
Nova Scotia at the time, having be-

eome a separate province only in
1769. =
It would be appropriate, too, if

there could be some message from
this Province for the special session

of the Nova Scotia House of Assemb- _

‘Jy which meets October 2nd. Both it
and our own Legislative Assembly
are direct descendants of the first
representative body to be called to-
gether on what is now Canadian soil.
The history of government in this
part of the world is one of constant
striving by lawful means to bring the
exercise of power in line with the real
interests and wishes of the people.
There was no such upsetting of con-
stituted authority as was experienced
inthe Thirteen Colonies. For that
_very reason, however, it has been pos-
sible to make progress step by step,
an advantage which is still important.
The American constitution is a ri-
gid thing compared with our own.
They have not yet, for example, man-

aged to make the executive branch

\ef government responsible to the leg-
islative branch or establish the pri-
macy of the popularly elected House
of Representatives over the Senate in

The primacy of the Canadian
House of Commons over the Senate
also is still to be established, but
there is not likely to be anyone who
will doubt that the powers of the Can-.
adian Senate will be curbed long be-
fore similar action can be taken in the

| United States.

Be that as it may, Prince Edward
Islanders and, indeed, all Canadians
join their Nova Scotian brethern in

| celebrating the beginning of the third

hundred years of representative gov-
ernment. We-should bear in mind our

-own responsibilities as citizens while |

we remember the way our fathers
‘ carried out theirs, :

An Export Problem

The Aluminum Company of

Canada, Britain's traditional supplier

of that important commodity, is re-
ported to have asked the British
Board of Trade to cut down imports
of aluminum fromthe Soviet Union.
It seems that for some time now the
British have been buying fairly large
quantities from that source, chiefly

because the price is lower than that :

of the Canadian product.

This disparity in prices between
Canada and some other producing
countries is one of the big problems
facing Canadian business—not only
in minerals but in many other eom-
modities. No country can be blamed
for obtaining its imports from the
cheapest source; and the fact is that
Candda is one of the most expensive
sources of raw materials and-manu-
factured products alike.

Some people blame this state of |

affairs on the labour unions which
seem to be under the impression that
there is no limit to what a given

Industry can afford to pay in wages.
The unions, for their part, are prone
to blame industry which, they main-
tain, insists on higher profits than
are economically feasible. There may
be some truth in both views But
Wherever the greater part of the
blame lies, the point is that Canada
ean never expect to reach its full ex-
port potential so long as Canadian
prices are not competitive with those
of other exporting countries. This is
a plain economic law that cannot be
ignored.

Telling Time

Tn an article in a recent issue of
the National Geographic Magazine
Dr. Lyman J. Briggs, Director
Emeritus of the Bureau of Stand-
ards and a trustee of the National
Geographic Society, explains how
the radioactivity of living things
provides the key to locked-in secrets

of age.
Radio carbon, discovered in
nature only about 20 years ago, is
a

SATURDAY, SEPT. 6, 1958.

- part of these

j

the most spectacular of the radio-
active materials used in dating pro-
cesses, Since it has an atomic weight
of 14, instead of carbon’s normal

12, it is often referred to as “carbon- .

14”, All living organisms contain
the same amount of carbon-14. After
. death, organic materials lose it at
the same rate. Half of it disappears
in 5,568 years. Half the remainder
disappears in the next 5,568 years—
and so on until it is all gone.
Dr. Willard F. Libby, a nuclear
scientist who is now a member of
the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission,
was the first to work out a method
for telling time by radio carbon.
How accurate his measurements are
“may be seen in his estimate of the
age of an ancient Egyptian funéral
barque dug up some years ago. His
estimate was 3,621 years. Further

_ research established the age as 3,800

years.
Some important findings have
been made by means. of carbon-14.
It shows, for instance, that the last
ice age ended about 10,000 years
ago, only half as far back as hed
previously been believed. Man’s shift
from hunting to primitive farming
took place in 7,000 BC.—the date
given to charcoal dug up at Jarmo,
Iraq, believed to be the oldest agri-
cultural village. At the same time,
men were living in Alabama; and
3,000 years before that—10,000 B.
‘C.—hunters in the Southwest part

of North America were hunting pre-
historic beasts. This finding is* in

‘contradiction to the long held views
that Indians had inhabited the New
World only a few centuries before
Columbus came.

Colombo Plan Funds

a The Prime Minister’ has described

as “pure conjecture” a news report
_ that the Government is considering

boosting its Colombo Plan contribu-
tions by as much as 50 per cent. He
did not say, however, that the report
was untrue; and certainly there is
ne reason why the Government
should hesitate to make a consider-
able increase in the allocation. This

_ year’s amount is $35 million, An-

other amount of $1,600,000 has been

set aside for Ghana and the West

If these contributions were out-
right “give-aways”, it might be
argued that this is not a particu-
larly good year’ for the Government
to increase them, what with a heavy
current deficit and the. promise of

a bigger one’ next year. It must be.

remembered, however, that a large
grants is returned to
this country in trade. Since the
Colombo Plan was established eight
years ago, Canada has contributed
about $200 million to the fund. But
much of this—perhaps as much as

half of it—has come back in payment ;

for industrial equipment; and, of
course, as these countries advance
industrially, they will need more and
more equipment which Canada is in
‘a position to supply. It is reasonable
to suppose that they will prefer to
deal with those countries which have
shown sympathetic interest in their
problems.

‘But the countries of South and
South East Asia, the main bene-
ficiaries of Canada’s contributions,
need food as much as they need in-
dustrial equipment From that stand-

point, this has been a particularly

hard year in India and Pakistan.
Canada could easily-afford to send
them large quantities of wheat on a
Jong term credit arrangement, in
addition to the gifts which have
been forwarded. Surely, it is better
—and wiser—to put the wheat to
use; feeding hungry people, even if
the recipients need 25 or 30 years
in which to pay for it, than to allow
it to go to waste.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Opposition leader Hollet says that
in all probability the Newfoundland
Government has spent “most of the
budget” before it was brought down
in the legislature. Isn’t that the way

‘most Governments operate?

* * *

The Japanese Foreign Minister

thinks that China intends her. cur:

rent operations against the Matsu
and Quemoy islands as‘‘‘a lever for
international recognition” rather
than as an invasion prelude. It seems

like a poor way to build up goodwill.
* * * :

The United States Congress has
passed a bill granting $25,000 a year
pensions to ex-Presidents. Neither
Mr. Hoover nor Mr. Truman has ex-
pressed displeasure wth the legis.
lation, although they are both men
of means. They are probably think-
ing of future ex-Presidents who may
not be as well off financially.

4

—--

NN

in)

at

DOWN TO THE FINE PRINT

U. K. OPINION

LONDON Chancellor of the Ex
chequer Heathcote Amory. must
be chuckling these days. He has
been besieged with advice to the
effect that he do something to
ease credit restrictions and in-
crease the buying power of the
people to stimulate J usiness and
industry. But Lord Monkton*
chairman of the Midland Bank,

-has done ‘it for him without the
Chancellor having to turn a fin-

ger.
The announcement by Lord
Monkton that the Midland Bank
will institute a system of per-
sonal loans for its customers at
five per cent interest, and with
no security other than charac-
ter and stability, has had a chain
reaction which will set sales of
consumer goods soaring. Of
course, the Canadian Banks have
had a system of personal loans
for years. But this is a new
thing in the United Kingdom, and
it has taken financial circles by
BEHIND THE SCENES :
‘Behind the Midland Bank’s ac-
tion is the fact that in recent
weeks most of the leading Banks
have been buying heavily into the
hire purchase finance companies.
Most of the bigger hire purchase
firms were involved. There. were
no big buys left for the Midland.
So it came up with this, for Brit-
ain, revolutionary idea of plac-
ing funds at ‘the disposal of the
public, at rates much lower then
those of the finance companies,
for the purchase of cars, electri-

iture, and other commodities.
_ Already, this has snowballed.
The other banks are following
suit, pate ae

One of the biggest finance com-
panies has reduced its rate of
interest to 3 3-4 percent. It looks
as if everyone is pleading with
the public to come along and bor-
row money and spend it to keep
the country’s economy at a high
level. And the public is respond-
ing, running in droves \to the
Midland Bahk to get some of the
easy money, at a low interest
‘rate. Chancellor Amory’s. prob-

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is’ open to the disens-

sion by correspondents. of question of

interest. The Guardian does not neses-

sarily endorse the opinion of corres
pondents.

TOURIST PROSPECTS

Sir,—I read with much interest
the letter of Pro Bono Publico in
this morning's Guardian with ref-
erence to the Rocky Point Ferry,
Tam sending an article by a tout
ist which appeared in the Guar.

dian of August 8, 1950, referring

to the tremendous possibilities for
development at Rocky Point,

Now with the proposal to * es:
tablish a National Historic Park
at Rocky Point the possibilities
for development should be away
beyond what. the tourist had in
mind in 1950.

I thought possibly you would
like to insert the enclosure. Just
think of the possibilities right at
the front door of Charlottetown,
and the need, greater than ever,
for a first class ferry service to
develop the tourist business and
Rive citizens without cars 4
Chance to enjoy & real outing. it
would not matter if it was nee-
essary to have a moderate toll for
all cars and passengers to cover
expenses.

It might be good policy on the
part of residehts in town and
country to hold’ a joint meeting
and let the politicians know what
the voters demand and have a
right te expect. :

I , Sit, ete.,
ROCKY POINT RESIDENT

(The article, too long to repub-
lish Here, advocates the develop:
ment of a luxury resort for sum-
mer and winter at a cost of ap-
proximately four million dollars.
Pointing out the beautiful scenery
and beaches, the writer was sure

that it would be a gold mine, Ed.)

~ Banks Extend —
~ Consumer Credit

‘By M. McINTYRE HOOD
Special London (Eng.) Correspondent
: for The Guardian

eal equipment for the home, furn-'

/

lem of getting more money into
circulation has been well solved
for him, without the government
EMPIRE TRADE BOOST
_ Lord Beaverbrook’s Daily Fx-
press is again beating the drum
for Commonwealth and Empire
Trade. It took its text from an
‘article written by High Commis-
sioner Geo. A. Drew: and pub-
lished it in the quarterly mag-
azine ‘‘Impulse’’. In it, Mr. Drew
Said there was a stronger senti-
ment in Canada in favor of grea-
ter trade with Britain, and that
in the next few years there would
be a tremendous expansion in the
Canadian Market. :
Seizing on this, the Express has
come out strongly in support of
raising the levels of Imperial pre-
ferences to stimulate Common-
wealth trade, and urges that this
form the keynote of the aoming

in Montreal.

It may have been coincidence,
but on the day following the drum
beating in the Express, the Lon-
don Evening Standard came out
with a special three-page supple-
ment setting forth the opportun-
ities for greater trade between
Britain and Canada.

ANXIOUS ABOUT ICELAND

The average Britisher, we have
found, is not very easily aroused
by international affains. But we
have sensed, in the last week, a
very deep concern on the part
of many to whom, we have talked
about the possibilities of trouble
with Iceland over the enforce-
ment of a 12 mile fishing limit,
around that island country. At
the moment of writing both
sides are adamant. The Iceland
Fisheries Minister says the 12
mile limit will be enforced, aind
British Fishing: véssels violating

Commonwealth Trade Conference |.

it will be seized, taken into port,
their catches and nets confisca-
ted and fines imposed. The Bri-
tish government says to the fish-
ing boat Captains, “Go ahead,
and fish up to the old limit and
ignore the new Iceland regula-
tion, and-we will send gunboats
to protect you,” _ is
This could have. all. the mak-
ings of a first class internatiion-
al row. What the British Public
is asking is just. this, ‘‘What hap-
pens if British Ships of War fire
on Iceland Patrol Boats trying to
enforce the new limit?” | Thiat
might well be even more than a
$64,000 question. The’ people here
are showing a vital interest in it,
And they are hoping that the ef-
forts of the NATO Council to ef-
fect a compromise will be suc-
WELL KEPT SECRET - :
When Julie Andrews, star of
“My Fair Lady’ whose connec-
‘tion with Canada we were the
first to reveal had to take a few
days off because of tonsilitis,
much was made of the success
of Tonia Lee, her chorys girl un-

By Herman N. BundeSen, M.D.

| return to a useful life more read-

Many Aids For
The Crippled

PERSONS — crippled by disease
or accident too often try to “go
it alone.” They don’t réalize
that there are hundreds upon
hundreds of trained experts ready
and eager to help rehabilitate
eile Tl admire the determina-
tion of these handicapped per-
sons not to become a burden up-
on anyone, I think they should)
take full advantage of the facili-
ties available to them.

USEFUL LIFE :
With competent help, they can

Bh ota seer eg ree
solely upon themselves or &
families to decide what. should
be done.

The same, -of course, holds
true for the parents of children
crippled early in ife. These
handicapped youngsters should
have all the help that is avail-
able.

Last year more than 158,000
crippled persons were helped by
the National Society for Crip-
pled Children and, Adults
Throughout the country, the so-
ciety maintains nearly 1,400 ser-
viee centers and other pro-
jects. .

AVAILABLE FACILITIES

Here is a partial list of what
the society has to offer those who
need it: ,
Diagnostie and evaluation
clinics where services of medical
specialists and the required equip-
ment are made available for
diagnosis of crippling conditions.
Treatment centers which ,pro-
vide treatment services under
medical prescription and profes-
sional supervision on an out-
patient basis. :

Rehabilitation centers which of-
fer a concentration of services in-

the medical, psychological, social
and vocational areas.
Residential. centers providing
in-patient care to convalescent
patients, surgical or rehabilita-
tion cases.

TRAVELLING THERAPIST
Hinerant services and therapy
for the homebound, brought ta
the community by a therapist
traveling over a certain geograp-
hic area.

Special summer service in
speech and physical therapy.
Nursery schools and pre-school
centers désigned for pre-school
handicapped children and offer-
ing only education and recrea-
Equipment loan pools where
orthopedic equipment owned by
a crippled children’s society is
lent to handicapped persons on a
prescription basis. z

Day camps, resident camps,
public school units and many
other services also are available.

cluding at least one each from |,

derstudy, who. stepped into the
leading role on a few hours no-
tice. It was considered pheno-
menal that this chorus girl should
give so excellent a performance
on her first appearance.

Now the secret is out of the

chorus girl. She had a previous
successful career as the star of
a musical show, but under ano-
ther name. :
VISITORS WELCOME
Readers of The Guardian
-who. visit London are cor-
dially invited to visit the of-
fice of Canada Review, a
Canadian newspaper publish-
ed in the United Kingdom,
and = Associated with this:
newspaper. The staff of Can-
ada Review, head by M.
MelIntyre Hood as editor,
will be happy to welcome all
visiting Canadians and to as-
sist. them with information,
,advice and guidance when-
ever possible. The address
is 63 Fleet St., London E.
AC. 4. just a short walk from
Trafalgar Square and St.

Paul’s Cathedral.

Will De

Will Gen. Charles de Gaulle
step down as he promised af-
ter getting France'on the tracks
with a new constitution?.

That is the \ question many
Frenchmen are asking. And more
and more seem to be coming
around to the view that the gen-
eral intends to stay.

They point out that in the new
constitution he has proposed, the
post of president of the republic
is tailor-made for him. The next

president will have stronger pow-

ers than any French head of
state since Napoleon, Many
Frenchmen think he could be
virtually a dictator if hé wished,

De Gaulle has laughed off the
very idea of wanting such per-
sonal power, ‘What, me a dic-
tator at 67" hé asked a press

premier, :
PLANNED SIX-MONTH STAY

When de Gaulle formed. his
government after the military.
civil revolt in Algiers brought
France to the verge of civil war
last May, he said he would stay
in the job six months. His avowed
aims:
shattered unity, give Algeria a
new déal and France a new con-
-stitution,

The constitution, now being
studied by an advisory group of
39 experts headed by wartime
Premier Paul Reynaud, is based
on de Gaulle’s cherished aim of
strengthening the executive at
the expense of parliament,

Until now. French soversignty
has rested in the hands of the
turbulent and factional National
Assenably, Because’ the deputies
never could agree -on a common
policy in the face of daily mount-
ing problems Freneh govern:
ments formed and fell like nine-
pins. There have heen 5 already
since the Second World Way and
might have been many more had
-de Gaulle not stepped in.

NEW REPUBLIC AHEAD

The constitution, if adopted in

a gettonal referendum Sept. 28,

Gaulle Step Down?

By Godfrey Anderson
Associated

conference just before he became | -

To restore the nation’s’

Press

would start France out under its
fifth republic with the kind/ of
Strong president de Gaulle has al-
ways wanted, i

Instead of being just a cete-
monial figurehead, whose only
really important duty lay in
naming the next premier, he will
have a strong political role ta
play.

Among his prerogatives during
seven years of office:

To name the premier and, on
the premier’s advice, the mem-
bers of his cabinet:

To preside at cabinet meestings

To call referendums on import-
ant national issues;

To dissolve the National As-
sémbly and call new elections
within 40 days;

To sign governmental decrees;

To address messages to parlia-
ment, which may not be debated:

To be supreme commander of
the armed forces,

Finally—and this is what dis.
turbs many by its lack of pre-
ciseness — the president may
“take the measures required by
circumstances” in cases where
the institutions of the republic,
national independence or the in-
tegrity of French territory are
threatened. That, the critics point
out, could be atblank cheque for
almost anything at all.

bag that she is not merely a”

Ask your local or stgte society
what services are offered in your
area. ;

QUESTION AND ANSWER

N. D.: Does a baby have as
good a chance for life if the
mother has a Caesarean as if it
is born normally? =~ =

Answer: The mortality rate is
higher in babies delivered by
Caesarean operations.

OUR YESTERDAYS

(From The Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS.AGO —
((Sept. 8, 193)

| The King’s County oe
which was held yes in
Georgetown, was the most suc-
cessful in the history of the or-
ganization. The number of live
stock exhibited this year was 25
percent
and the number of exhibits in the

building was equal to last year’s
showing. Fine weather permitted

Miss, Nora Bateson, Director
of the Carnegie Library Demon-
stration in Prince Edward. Island,
addressed a meeting of  citi-

| zens in the Summerside Library
yesterday afternoon to discuss |.

ways and méans of bringing a

to Summerside. This, she said,
has been made possible through
the recent grant from the Car-

cial

TEN YEARS AGO
(Sept. 6, 1948)

_ Modifications in fhe ‘Trade Un-
ion Act passed in the Legislature
last March will be introduced at
the next session, Premier J, Wal-
ter Jones intimated last evening,
The requirement for li of
labour onganizations will be mo-
dified and it is likely also that
the prohibition with repect to
Non-residents will be repealed,

Milton F. Gregg, Mini
Veterans Affairs pe greg tom
speaker at ‘the annual Provin-
cial Convention of the Canadian
Legion, B.E.S.L. at Souris yes-
terday. Hion. Mr. Gregg sugges.
ted that although the welfare of
=o sa comrades and their de

mdents was a Major ‘concer
of the legion, the mbmbere shoakt
give strong suport to those ef.
forts designed for the betterment:
of P.E.I. and Canada in general,

?

for many Frenchmen thei

chy r old
nightmare of “the Man on Horse.
back eS military  dietator who
would give the republic its

Such a president conjures up

DOUGLAS BROS

155 KENT ST.

marching orders and rule alone,

WF STOCK, SELL AND INSTALL 3

» & JONES LTD.

DIAL 6565

greater than last year, |

the attendance of a large num- |.

branch of the Carnegie Library |

negie Foundation bo the Provin-

NOTES BY THE WA

A mother may think her chil-
dren have grown during the Win-
ter, but she never knows just
how much until she gets out their
jJast summer's clothes.—Kitchen-
er-Waterloo Record

A doctor says whittling for an.
hour a day will relieve tension.
That’s all right, Doc. for, anyone
with a wooden leg or a block head
but when you have to pay the
dealer a quarter for 4 bit of.
wood hardly big enough to pick
a tooth it’s an expensive past- |
time unless you know someone
who's wrecking an old house,—
Ottawa Citizen

“Passing the hat” Is the fav- |.
orite standby of Hyde Park ora-|
tors, ongan-grinders with monk-
eys and impromptu sidewalk per-
formers. It has no place in a mo-
dern election campaign. Thus, it
is’ to be hoped that of
Grenville—Dundas riding will
overcome the bad impression
created at the recent meeting in
the audience was comfortably
seated, the hat came rolling a-
round for contributions.—Brock-
ville Recorder :

‘John Foster Dulles 1s a_refor-
mer, not a diplomat. His moral-
izing preachments endear him to
no one. And. like most reform- ®
ers, he is about as resilient in

his ;

in positions of great power.
the good of the country, Mr.
Dulles should retire to Duck is-
Jand and bore the birds.—Detroit |.
Free Press :

After what he considers to be
ject Dr. James F. Bender, a
New York psychologist, has
come to the conclusion that wo-
men are smarter than men. It
may or may not be a sound con-
clusion, but Dr. Bender fs cer-
tainly not the first person to ar- |
rive at it. Millions of women} _

~ MAXIMS:

People generally do not appre-
ciate what they do not suffer for.
A thing is held to he cheap if it
did not cost dearly. Honor is light-
ly worn if it is easily attained. In-
herited liberty is too often care-
lessly used until it is repossess-| |
ed through sacrifices.

There are just two sorts of wo-,  Liltle worries q
men, those who do not believe body, 8898 & dock
what their husbands tell them,| friends you
and those who haven’t any hus-| to.—Lond

—! Sun
bands.—Brandon ‘

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