SUMMERSIDE JOURNAL, TH

Saati

Siemens

sowie aah es

URSDAY, AUG

UST 29, 1867.

the punishment itself reecived, there can |
be little doubt as to the efficacy of the lash,
Recently, a desperado named Dondas was

- eonvicted at the Old Bailey of robbing a
man, with brutal violence, and sentenced

\ toten years’ penal servitude, and to receive
twenty lashes from the cat. ‘The penal

’ gervitade would, perhaps, have been re-
ed as a mere trifle, but the fear of the

cat sent the prisoner howling trom the

.

THE QUEEN'S LIFE OF HER
HUSBAND.

We give our readers this week a few
extracts taken from an English paper, from
“The Queen's Life of Her Husband.”
They are exceedingly interesting. Those
that we have chosen relate ’to the Queen's
courtship and marriage, and will therefore
be eagerly read by all our readers, old and
young. ‘This. volume was originally cow-
piled for private circulation, but~ doubts
Tose as to Whether, through some channel
or other, it.would not reach the public in
& garbled form; und it was thought expe-
dient to publish it ‘*in substantially the
game form as that in which it was first
priuted for private circulation.” The
translations of the Prince's letters, as they

appear in the text. are for the most part

by Princess He! sna :—

“In June, 139, the Prince returned to
‘Coburg. In Cctober he made that event-
gland which decided the
‘his life. When all op-
position was removed, the Queen herself
seemed to hesitate, so that the Prince be-
gan to dread that she might change her
mind. But we read here (in a passage
which deserves particular attention on

ful journey to En
future current of

ymore accounts than one( :~—

«The Queen says she never entertained
any. idea of this, and she afterwards re-
peatedly informed the Prince that she
meyer would have married any one else.
She expresses, however, great regret that
be had not, after her accession, kept up
her correspondence with her cousin, as she
‘Nor can the Queen
now,’ she adds, ‘ think without indignation
aguinst herself, of her wish to keep the
Prince waiting for probably three or four

had done before it.

‘years, at the risk of ruining all his pros

pects for life, until she might feel inclined

‘to marry!

- her that he came ever in 1889 with the in-

tention of telling her that it she could no

:then make up her mind, she must under-

stand that he could not wait for a decision

as he had done at a former period when
this marriage was first talked about. ‘The
only excuse the Queen can make for her-
selt is in the fact that the sudden change
from the secluded life at Kensington to the
independence of her position as Queen

Regnant, at the age of eighteen, put al

ideas of marriage out of her mind, which
she now most bitterly repents. A worse
school for a young girl. or more detrimen-

tal to all naturrl leclings and affections
. cannot be well be ima

and support her,
stated from

ters are exposed to such danger.’

On. the 8th of October the Prince set out.
from Brussels with a letter from the King
pan-

of the Belgians to the Queen.

Accom
panied by h

is brother, the, Prince yead

at Windsor on the 10th—‘at hall-past7
vin: the evening. They here met with the
most cordial and afvctionate reegption by
;the Queen, who received them herself at

the top of the staircase, and condueted

_them at once to the Duchess of Kent.”

The way of life at Windsor during the
stay of the Princes is thus described :—
*The Queen. breakfasting at the time in
her own room, they afterwards paid her a
visit there; and at two o’clock had lun-
.cheon with her and the Duchess of Kent.
In the afternoon they all rode—the Queen
and Duchess and the two Princes, with
Lord Melbourne.and most of the ladies aud
gentlemen in attendance, forming a large
cavalcade. There was a great dinner
every evening, with a dance after it three
times a week” :—~

\THE QUEEN DISCLOSES TO IER MINISTER LER

INTENTION TO MARRY.

‘On the 16th there was an important in-

:terruption to the ordinary routine oi the
day. The Queen had told Lord Mel-
‘bourne the day before that she had made
up her mind to the marriage, at which he
expressed

nal, ‘I think it will be very well received ;

for I hear that there is an anxiety now that
it should be, aud Tam very glad of it;’
adding, in quite a paternal tone, ‘You
for a

will be much more comfortable;
woman,cannot stand alone for any time,
in whatever ee she may be.’ Can
we wonder thatthe Queen, recalling these
circumstances, should exclaim, * Alas!

alas! the poor Queen now stands in that

painful position!’ An intimation was ac-
«ordingly given to the Prince. through
‘Baron Alvensleben, Master of the Horse
to the Duke of Coburg, and long attached
to his family, who hud accompanied the
Prince to England, that the Queen wished
to speak to him the next day,
day, the 1th, the Prince had been out
hunting early with his brother, but return-
ed at twelve, and half-an-hour alterwards
obeyed the Queen's summons to her room,
where he found her alone. After a few
minutes’ conversation on other subjects,
the Queen told him why she had sent lor
him; and we can well understand any lit-
tle hesitation and delicacy she may have
telt in doing so; for the Queen’s position,
making it imperative that any proposal of

marriage should come first from her, must

necessarily appear a patnful one to those

who, deriving their ideas on this subject
from the practice of private life, are wont

to look upon jt as the privilege and hap-
iness of a,woman to. have her hand sought

n marriage, instead of having to offer it

herself.

PRINCE ALBERT'S FERLINGS AT THE TIME OF

HIS ACCEPTANCE.

From the various letters of the Prince
we may learn his own feolings at this time.
‘To Princo Lowenstein he: wrote :—

*Yes—I am now actually a bridegroom;
and about the 4th of February I hope to
sew myself united to the one I love! You
know how matters stood when I last saw
you here. After that the sky was darken-
ed more and more. The Queen declared
to my uncle of Belgium, that she wished
tho affair to be considered as broken off,
and that for four years she could not
think of marrlage. I went there-
fore with the guict but firm resolution to
declare that I also, tired of the delay,

withdrew entirely from tho affuir. It was
not however, thus ordained by Providence ;
fur on the second day after our arrival, the
most friendly demonstrations were direct-
ed towards me, and two days afterwards

ined than the posi-
tion of a Queen at eighteen, without ecx-
perience and without a husband to guide
This the Queen has
ainful experience, and she
thanks God that none of her dear daugh-

reat satisfaction, and he said
to her, as Her Majesty states in her Jour-

On that

THE QUEEN'S DECLATION TO PRINCE ALBERT.

‘The subject which has occupied us so

much of lute is atlast settled. The Queen

sent for me alone to her room a tew days
ago, and declared to me in a general out-
burst of love and affeetion (Mryusse von
Heralichkeit und Liebe), that: 1 had gained
her whole heart, and would make her, in-
tensely happy (ubvrglucklich) if 1 would
make her the sacrifice of sharing her life
with her, for she said she looked on itasa
sacrifice; the only thing that troubled her
was that she did not think she was worthy
of me. Lhe joyous openness of manner
in which she told me this quite enchanted
me, and 1 was quite carried away by it.
She is really most good and amiable, and
I am quite sure heaven has not given me
into évil hands, and that we ehall be happy
together. Since that moment Victoria
does whatever she tancics [ should wish
or like, and we talk togethor a greut deal
about our future dite, Which she promises
me to make #s happy as possible. Oh,
the future! does it not ‘bring with it the
moment when I shall have to take leave
of my dear, dear home, and of you! Ican-
not think of that without deep melancholy
taking possession of me. Jt was on the
16th Gatober when Victoria made me this
declaration, and I have hitherto shrunk
from telling you; but how does delay
mike it better?’

Giliscellancous.

One Hunprep Men Buriep ALive iy A
Mink !—On the Ist of July last: the wooden
framework of a thousand and five hundred
feet deep.coal-pit of a coal mine in the
neighborhood of Lugan, gaye way, block-
ing up with an impenetrable mass of tim-
ber, and rock-the pit ata depth of about
three, hundred ells from the top. At the
moment of the disaster one hundred and
two men, nearly all of them the supporters
of large famPies, were working at the bot-
tom ofthe mine. Their provisions were
only calculated for one day. On the Sth
of July, the date of the latest news by
mail, the place where the fallen masses
had stopped the pit was of such a solid
structure that the water was standing on it
many feet high. From all sides the most
available help was. offered, but the con-
yiction that nothing could be done soon
enough to saye the unfortunate miners,
weakened, as seems, any energetic efforts.
They were doomed to die of starvation and
of fyul air, .On the 4th of July, attempts
to reach the bottom. of the pit by any quick
| process was.abundoned and a sure but
slow plan.was devised, by. which, atleast,
the corpses of the perished could be ex-
traeted. Iron tubes of about two feet in
diameter, were, to be sunk through the ob-
struction down to the bottom of the pit.
Among the dead are forty-four married
men, one, of whom had a wile and nine
living children. The scenes atthe entrance
of the pit are deseribed as lumentable with-
out a parallel, One hundred and _thirty-
seven children filled the air with woeful
cries, whilst the Superintendent of the
mine, to whose negligence the disaster
was, ascribed by. the people, could only be
saved from being mobbed by his sudden
imprisonment.

And the Prince has since told

t

’

"

|

The, Boston -Post, in remarking upon the
point at issue between the President and
the Secretary of War, is not merely whe-
ther the Secretary shall relinquish or retain
his position, but whether the supremacy
of the blacks or the whites shall prevail at
the South, and adds :—‘' Those who desire
exclusive negro rule in the Southern States,
led by such men as Brownlow and Hunni-
cut, favor Mr. Stanton; those who favor
equality between whites and blacks before
the law, looking to the legitimate result of
white, predominance in civll government,
side with Mr. Johnson. ‘The radicals are
determined to give the negroes supreme
control; the Conservatives would confine
them to the influence due their intelligence
and numbers. ‘The question is no longer
‘Is not the negro your brother?’ But, * Is
not the negro your master ??

We observe by: the St. John papers that
a few days ago a large quantity of liquor
invoiced * Raw and Boiled Linseed Oil,”
arrived at that port in a vessel from Lon-
don, and consigned toa merchant in St.
John, A cart load of the article was re-
moved to Mrs. Cudlip and Snider's bonded
warehouse, when on being examined by
the gauger and inspector, the casks were
found to contain nothing but.clear spring
wator. (tis presumed the whole lot is of
the same quality. It is supposed that the
original swindler is now beyond the reach
of justice, with the proceeds of his dishon-
esty in his pocket, and the English shipper
will have to suffer. A small quantity of
the real linseed oil bad. been used to give
the bungs.of the casks the proper odour,
and thus make the deception complete,
‘This is one of the most adroitswindles we
have read of for some time past,

When a counterfeit'is presented at the
Bank of England, the gold is instantly
paid for it. If it comes trom some known
Lapel he.is only asked where he got it.

{ from a.stranger, the cashier signals to
his detective, always in waiting, and the
oflicer follows secretly, Before many
hours the Bahk is in possession of the
stranger's biography. ‘The offender, once
arrested, is likely to be tried, convicted
and sentenced, within two days,

In. a rowing match for $400 a side, which
took place on Monday last on the Charles
River, Boston, the boat George C. Wiggins,
built by Mr. Coyle, of St. John, and rowed
by a crew of men from St. John and Bos-
ton, won handsomely.

Hon. Mr. Todd, of New Brunswick, has,
in a letter to the government over his own
signature, refused to accept the seat as-
signed him.in the Senato of the Dominion
ot Canada. The non-acceptance will oc-
casion a vacancy in the Senate.

Tux Caste Despatcurs.—The reason for
sending 80 many uninteresting despatches
over the cable to the Associated Press is thus
explained by the Journal of Commerce: “It
is not. the fuult of the agent, but of the Cable
Company, which has heretofore refused all
compromise in the interest of the press. The
charge for each despatch is fixed at a mininum
rate, so that the simplest market item is
charged in full for an entire message. ‘These
despatches are, therefore, filled with any
item of intelligence to make up the whole
number of words. In this sense these unim-
portant paragraphs cost nothing. If impor-
tant news was at hand they would not come
at all; butif they were withheld, the cost
would be precisely the samo without them.
It is understood that the cable company are
about changing this rule,

Mr. Kroeger of Milwaukee conceived the
idea of having Count Bismarck for god-
father to hisson. The Prussian statesmen
graciously consented and sent the boy a silver
spoon, ornamented with the coat-of arms of
the Bismarck family, and engraved with the
name ‘Bismarck Krocger.” People who
want silver spoons will take notice.

The death at Paris is announced of Gen.

Latest by Telegraph !

Salisburg, Aug. 20, eve.

‘The private interviews which have taken
place between the Emperors of France and
Austria, and between Napoleon and Buron
yon Buest, have resulted in a good under-
standing, but no treaty has beeen made.

Vienna, Aug. 20, eve.
All the official journals declare that the |
peace of Germany is now secured,

Liverpool, Aug. 21.

The, important suit of the West India and
Pacific Steamship Co., vs, Williams & Guion,
just tried in the Liverpool Court of Assize,
has resulted in ajudgment for the Plaintiffs,
with damages asseased at 150,000 pounds stg
This suit grew out of the Nitro-Glycerine
explosion at aspinwall, New Granada, on the
2nd April, 1866, by which the steamship
European, belonging to the plaintiffs, was
destroyed while lying at ker wharf in the
above named place.

London, Aug. 21. eve.

The Imperial Parliament was prorogued
to-day. ‘The Queen was not present, but the
speech from the Throne was read by a Royal
Commission, The Queen declares that there
is no longer any ground for apprehension of
war.

he-treasonable conspiracy in Ireland has
proved futile, and the attempts at revolt have
been suppressed almost without bloodshed by
the valor of the troops, the vigilance and ac-
tivity of the police, and the general loyalty of
the people. Law has been preserved with-
out the sacrifice of human life. The speech
refers with satisfaction to the new postal
treaty made by hgr Majesty's Government,
and in conclusioh congratulates Parliament
and the country generally on the completion
of Canadian Union; the passage of the Re-
form Bill, and the adoption of other measures
beneficial to the United Kingdom.

‘London, Aug. 21, eve.

It is reported from Madrid that the revolt
in Catalina has failed, and that the authority
of the Government is being rapidly re-estab-
lished in the insurrectionary districts,

Elorence, Aug. 21,

‘The, prorogation of the Italian Parliament
took place to-day. Garibaldi has again been
objiged to defer his movement on Rome, and
the preparations which were being made by
the party of action: throughout Italy, under
the orders of the General, haye been sus-
pended.

Paris, Aug. 21, eve.

The semi official press of this city declare
that the Conference of the Emperors at Salz-
burg ensures a long term of peace for Europe.
Another gathering of European crowned
heads js expected to take place here. It is
reported that their majesties Queen Victoria
of England, and the Emperor Irancis Joseph
of Austria, will meet the Emperor Napoleon
at Paris, in October next.

London, Aug. 21, eve.

A despatch from Constantinople states that
the sultan has resolved to form a.new Coun-
cil, composed of equal numbers of Greek and
‘Turkish members,

Gold 141}.

Paris, Aug. 22.

Tt is said that one of the results of the Con-
ference which has been held at Sualtzburg
between the Emperor Napoleon and Francis
Joseph, is to insist that the South German
States shall unite in a Confederation of which
Austria is to be the head. Itis also stated
that an agreement had been arrived atbetween
the two Emperors as to the policy to be here-
after pursued by Austria and France,

Vienna, August 22.

The Journal in this city, generally acknow-
leged to be the organ of Prime Minister Baron
Von Buest, asserts that a defensive alliance
has been formed be tween Austria and france,

Gold M418.

Paris, August 26, eve.

M. :Velpean, the eminent Physician, is
dead.

An Abolition Congress composed of the
leading anti-slavery men of the world com-
menced a session here to-day. A large num-
ber of Americans and many representatives
of the Aftican race were present, One of the
objects of the Congress is to prepare and
adopt a memorial to all those powers which
tolerate hyman Laat within their dominions
urging the total abolition of such bondage,

Berlin, August 26, eve.
Preliminaries for a meeting between King
William of Prussia and the Sovereigns of the
South German States have been arranged.
Baden has been agreed upon as the place of
the Conference which will be held at an carly
day.

’ ‘Marseilles, August 26.

‘An arrival from the Istand of Crete brings
the following intelligence. While a Russian
war steamer was taken on board a number of
refugees on the Cretan coast, the commander
ofa Turkish man-of-war which was lying
near forbid any further embarkation. The
Russian Commander refused to desist, :and
both vessels run out their guns and prepared
for a fight, but Omar Pasha the Commander
of the land forces who was on shore in the
vicinity hearing of the danger interfered and
prevented an engagement:

‘London, August 26.

‘The reports of trouble in Spain are con-
flicting and unreliable. Official despatches
published at Madrid and telegraphed abroad
say that all risings have been put down and
that the insurrection is ended, while advices
received from the insurgents flatly contradict
these statements and maintain the movement
against the Government is going on with
success and gathering strength day by day.

St. Petersburg, August 26.
The Russian Government has sent an order
to the United States for 150,000 Berdan
Rifles.
‘London August 25.
Despatches from the East report that a rais-
ing had taken place in Montenegro but that it
was speedily suppressed, and at last accounts
the country was quiet.

‘Paria, August 25.

Reports have reached here from Spain that
an insurrection had broken out in the Pro-
vince of Aragon, and that for the moment the
rebels were carrying everything before them

‘St. Louis, August 25.

A despatch from Fort. Hayes, Kansas, dated
the 23d says, « courier has just arrived from
Capt. Ames with despatches to Capt. Corbin
to the effect that Capt. Ames has had a severe
battle with 800 Indians under Santate on the
Republican River. —Their village was two
miles long.

Capt, Ames charged twice through their
wigwams. The savages fought desperately.
Three of our men were killed and 26 wounded,
and 30 horses lost. The Indians lost severely
but finally repulsed our troops,

Gold (N. Y.) 1404.

New York, August 27.

Gold 141.

New York, Atig. 2808

The cable between Kay West and Havana
was successfully epliced on Sunday lust, and
is working well. ‘The movement of tle tele-
graphic party between here and Key West
are unknown,

Gold 141}.

New York, August 22,

The Board of Health met yesterday, whon
Commissioner Stone reported that infected
vessels had been permitted by tho Health
Officer, Dr. Sunburn, to come up to the city
and unload their cargoes, and that in two
cases of this kind yellow fever had been im-

parted to citizens.

Madrid, August 23,

Revowr at Tue Penspentiary 1x Haarax,
—A serious revolt occurred at the Peniten-
tiary yesterday. Atnoon the prisonérs, num-
bering about fifty, assembled in the wooden
building in which they usually dine, Some
of them complained that the food was not fit
to eat, and in a short time the dissatisfaction
became general. The prigoners,as if by pre-
concerted design, threw the food on the floor,
and commenced breaking the windows and
destroying everything within .their reach.
‘The governor, of the prison sent to the forts
in the vicinity for aid, and four men of the
Royal Engineers were despatched to the
scene. By this time the prisoners had de-
molished the windows, and were endeavoring
to make their escape. ‘Lhe governor called
on them to desist, but they paid no attention
to the command, ‘The Engineers then fired
through the windows. James Burns, who
was sent to the Institution a few weeks ago
for assaulting Alderman Nash, receiveda ball
in each shoulder, and it is doubtful if he will
recover. Michael Bradley, a soldier under-
going sentence for rape, was severely wound-
ed. A soldier named Parks, who was impris-
oned for robbery, was struck in the forehead
by a ball which glanced aside and took off
his left ear. In the meantime a messenger
had been despatched to the city, and about
twenty men of the Royal Artillery, under the
command of an officer, went down, ‘The
prisoners, seeing the force now at the scene,
surrendered, and the wounded were carried
to hospital, and the others locked up. A
posse of policemen soon arrived and took
charge of the building, when the military
withdrew.—Chrontcle,

Tne Harvese.—The accounts of the crops
throughout the world continue to be of the
most cheering nature, and unless some
unforeseen oalninlty should occur, the pros-
pects ofa bountiful harvest are very satis-
factory. In our own country these blessings
of Providence are as apparent and as gratify-
ing as elsewhere. In England although the
season is a little backward, the reports are
all satisfactory. The oat harvest was good,
and favourable weather enabled a large hay
crop to be secured. Subsequent showers
greatly helped in the barley, and other arti-
cles which had continuance of dry weather.
In Central and Southern Russia there will
be an un usual yield of breadstuffy, and
average yield of grain may be expected in
‘Turkey, North Italy, Austria, Prussia, Nor-
way and Sweden, if Portugal the weather
has proved unfavorable to the grape crop.
From the United States we have generally
good reports of all the great staples; but in
some parts cotton will not yield as much as
in former favorable years. In most of the
Southern Stutes the grain cropis so excellent
that it is not believed any demands will be
made on the North for bread. ‘Tobacco, on
the other hand, is reported deficient. In the
great grain-growing regions of the West, it is
said that the yield of wheat, corn and oats
will be unprecedently.large. From the
Eastern and Northern States the same cheer-
ing reports are received, with the exception
that some damage had been done in the former
by frequent showers of rain. Generally,
however, the crops were secured in good
order.— Hx. Reporter.

The Fenians have lost a valuable man in
Jerry O'Brien, who was hung in New York
on Friday last, for murdering his sweetheart
about « year since, after his return from the
raid upon Canada,

A telegram from Omaha, U. S., says that a
hard, tough battle between the Indians and
whites occurred at Fort Phil Kearney on the
2nd inst. The battle continued for 3 hours.
The total loss of savages is reported at sixty
killed, and a large number wounded.

The Rev. Mr. Bagley is in Montreal at pre-
sent with the object of inducing ex-President
Jeff. Dayis to sign a petition to President
Johnson tor pardon, Lt is believed that he
will not do so.

‘Gorrespondence,

Mr. Epiror :—

Permit me to express my unfeigned ap-
probation of the tone, spirit, and style ot

your excellent Journal. In this peculiar
crisis of our Provincial history, there is
nothing so important as the weekly edu-
cation of our people in the things that
belong to their moral and political welfare.

It is all-important that the strong tide ot

democracy’s yulgar and dangerous influ-

ence which is now setting northward from

the United (?) States should be met and}
foiled by the earnest love of country and

of monarchial institutions peculiar to in-

telligent Englishmen, It is only natural

that the ignorant and unthinking should
be carried away by the sound of * great
swelling words; we see that.this is the
case in matters of religion, and it will
be also in matters of national import,

“ Liberte, Hgalite, Fraternite” was the false
mocking sound which led ** the beautitul
France” into the nameless horrors of her
famed Revolution, which deluged her al-
tars with the best and bravest blood of
her sons, and destroyed that great bul-
wark of freedom, an ancient aristocracy ;
upon this delusive myth has also been rear-
ed up that unsound fabric, the Republic of
America. Once has that huge fabric
trembled to its foundation when the storm
of war beat upon it, and it needs now but
some passing troubled breeze to bring it
to the ground, Across that yast republic,
from East to West, has yawned a great
gulf dividing the North from the South,
as the opening earth divided once, in an-
cient-story, the Roman forum. And as
Marcus Curtius cast himself into that
chasm and thus closed it up, so has the
blood of halt a million slaughtered men
closed up and cemented the gulf between
the contending parties. Bué the crack is
there yet, aud any other cracks that por-
tend, the falling in pieces towards not only
the South, but the West, of that country.

If therefore we do not want the weaken-
ing, destroying hand of democracy to
effect in similar manner hereafter the ruin

of these fair Provinces, let us cherish the
institutions of our fathers and of our
fatherland,

Tt was, therefore, with peculiar satisfac-
tion, Mr, Editor, that I noticed in your
columns a review of the life and labors of
Sir Archibald Alison, taken from Black-
wood’s Magazine. He was without doubt
the greatest historian of modern times.
Ilis history ot Europe from the inception
of the French Revolution to the fall of
‘Napoleon is a most masterly record of
events thrown in the mould of profound
research and thought, The second series,
from 1816, to the beginning of the last
decade, maintains the same charactor ; the
whole comprising the most exhaustive
treatise on Kuropean polities of the 19th
century, now in existence. Alison's style
to my mind is far more interesting than
the far famed style of Macaulay. In sen-
tences most polished, with burning!
thoughts, and thrilling clearness, he re-
cites the fearful atrocitics of democracy,
the terrors of the French Revolution, the
bloody track of Napoleon across the
world, and the scarce less interesting |
events of the forty years subsequent peace,
If this magnificent history could.be ren. |
dered a family book, familiar. to our youth |
of both sexes, tho effects, in giving truth-|
ful and enlightened views of the respective |
systems of De ob ested and monarchy, |
would be in the present state of our Pro-
vinces of the first importance.

Summerside Journal.
“PHUSDAY, AUGUST 29, 1867.
' Ro natice ean be tal on of anonymous com-
munications. We must know the names and
addresses of our correspondents as a guiranty

of their good faith. We tannot undertake to
return.communications that are not used.

We were much struck, while travelling
through the country a few days ago, by
the improved appearance of the farms
and farm buildings. We do not now
refer to the increased area of arable
land in the Island — that the dullest
observer cannot help remarking. It
is really wonderful to see wide fields
of growing crops and cheerful home-
steads where but a few years ago the
primitive forest flourished in untrim-
med wildness; flelds that but the other
day were marred by unsightly stumps and
blackened logs are now as smooth as a
bowling green, presenting through their
whole extent not one single impediment
to the plough or the reaping machine.
Camps and log houses have altogether
disappeared in many settlements, where
but a short time ago no other kinds of
human habitation were to be seen, and
in their places have been erected com-
fortable, well-painted, and tastefully orna-
mented frame houses. No trace remains
of the old round log buildings which did
duty for cow shed, stable and barn; but
instead of them we have quite a group of
spacious barns,and other. convenient out-
houses. ‘The mis-shapen bed of shives,
bordered by a currant bush or two, and
having for ornament a bunch of colum-
bine, a sun-flower or two, struggling for
existence, amidst a luxuriant crop of
thistles and other weeds—which the poor
farmer's wife and daughters amid their
many and arduous tasks, had not time
to keep under-—huas expanded, in many
cases, into a trim well-kept garden, in
which are carefully cultivated many kinds
of beautiful blooming plants and all sorts
of useful vegetables. Fruit indeed is
not as generally cultivated as we think it
might be,but here and there may be seen
trees red with cherries or bending under
a plentiful crop of splendid apples. We
say that although these changes obtruded
themselves on our attention, they were
not those which we intended to write
about when we sat down to pen our
article. Evidences of a superior system
of farming to that pursued by the rural
population of the Island in our youthful
days, when we wielded the axe and
swung the scythe, were everywhere
visible. A good crop of hay was in those
days the exception and not the rule,—
Many and many.a day have we mowed
in fields where the operation of mowing
scemed to us to beauseless sham. The
thin fine natural grass was exceedingly
hard to cut, and there was so little of it
that it was hardly worth the making.

Many old farmers would then tell you
with a serious face, and in melancholy
tones, that it was impossible to raise
good hay crops in this country. The
soil was too light, the seasons too dry,
and the winters too long and too severe.
When the gentlemen farmers about Char-
lottetown began to raise heavy crops of
hay, these persons were astonished ; they
could hardly believe the evidence of their
senses. But they soon found out the
secret of the success of our suburban
farmers. ‘‘It’s easy enough for men
who have plenty of money and manure to
no end, to raise hay, but poor farmers who
have nothing but their own work to de-
pend upon need never expect to raise
such crops.” However,-‘a poor farmer’
here and there did raise good crops of
hay in spite of the light soil, the dry
seasons and the long and cold winters.

‘Then Judge Peters’ excellent little book
--Hints to Farmers—began to be circu-
lated through the country, and our * old
fogies” were not listened to with so
much respect by young Prince Edward
Island. ‘They were voted both ignorant
and indolent by the party of progress,and
they very unwillingly and very tardily
fell in at the extreme rear of the march
of improvement. We sc’ no such fields
now-a-days as those which twenty years
ago did duty for meadows in many parts
of the Island. No light-brown fields of
short feathery grass tantalize the discour-
aged and toilworn mower. Instead of
them we find the land covered with a
heavy growth of cultivated grasses,clover
and timothy. We verily believe that the
average crop is to-day at least fourfoldof
what it was fifteen or twenty years ago.

Who does not remember the miserable
attempts made by many in those days to
cultivate turnips? How different was
the sickly growth, and the hard, dry,
pungent roots of that time to the luxur-
iant vegetation anu the sweet juicy tur-
nips of the present day. It seems to us
that there is now a ranker growth of all
sorts of crops than there was then. It is
true that wheat and potatoes grew better
then than now ; but this is owing to the
kindness of Providence rather than to the
skill of the agriculturist. In the time we
speak of, there was a greater proportion
of virgin soil to the whole area cultivated
than there is now. The new land yield-
ed plenteously for a few years, but a
ruinous system of over-cropping soon ex-
hausted it, and consequently the eleared
land in many cases yielded miserable
crops both of grass and grain. Owing
to the small quantity of cleared and en-
closed land, in proportion to that in a
wilderness state, there was no land that
could be spared for pasture on the settler’s
clearance. The consequence was that
his young horses, cattle and sheep were
for the greater part of the year roaming
about the woods, and one very effectual
means of restoring the wasted energies
of the soil completely lost.

But all this is changed now in most
parts of the country, As the farms be-
came cleared there was cach year less
new land to depend upon. ‘The farmer
was obliged to turn his attention to
working the old, and in too many cases
the worn out parts of his farm. He

raised against the Island. Farmers
caught the Canada fever, the New Zeal-
and, fever, and half a dozen other fevers:
Many left the country in disgust. But,
however, many more remained at home,
and set about improving their farms with
a will. ‘They found by sad experience
that something more than hard work was
necessary to successful farming. ‘Indus-
try is no doubt one of the essentials of
success in farming, but it is not the only
essential. Our farmers found that in
order to cultivate their lands properly
they must think as well ay work, Many
of them knew nothing of farming previous
to their settlingin this country. As/long
as the land was unexhausted they got
along in a shiftless sort of way; but
when the condition of their farms made
systematic scientific farming a necessity,
they were completely at sea. At this
juncture there was a-elass of settlers who
did an immense amount of good to the
Island, ‘These were men who, previous
to their settlement ,in the coyntry, had
some knowledge of practical farming.
As long as the whole settlement were
grubbing among the stumps the superior
skill of these men did not.produce any
very conspicuous results, but as soon as
they began work with the plough the
consequence of their superior knowledge
ofagriculture became apparent. As long
as their less skilled neighbors could
manage to make out a living off of their
farms, they were at no pains to learn
from them. Some of them took to tim-
ber-making, some to ship-buyilding, and
some to fishing, in order to eke out the
scanty supplies which their farms yield-
ed them. But when they saw that their
neighbors who stuck to their farms were
growing more and more comfortable each
year, they began to enquire into the
secret of their success. After a time
they attempted to imitate the more skill-
ful management and superior processes
of their prosperous neighbors. ‘They
began to think and to telk more about
farming. Old prejudices insensibly
molted away, and old practices.were given
up, and by and by the observer might
see in the improved appearance of the
farms the-happy effects of the new sys-
tem. Good times, too, acted as a great
incentive to improvement. People may
say what they like as to the virtues of
necessity as a teacher, our opinion jis
that prosperity is,for a while at any rate,
a far better schoolmaster. Never were
such improvements made in the country
as when farmers were able to get a good
price.in cash for everything their farms
produced. Land was cleared, buildings
erected, manure collected, better stock
raised, and comforts and luxuries pro-
cured, It is now said by some that the
farmers of Prince Edward Island are the
best in British America. We cannot
tell from personal observation whether
this is true or not, but we do know that
very great improvements have been made
in our system of farming of late years.—
Our farmers should remember -that the
soil of this Island requires skillful culti-
vation, Main Strength and Stupidity
will clear a farm quickly enough, but
they will be pretty sure to starve on it
after it is cleared. The lind, though
easy enough to be kept in good heart,
and not so difficult as some to be brought
into good order after being ill-used and
exhausted, is easily run out. Good cul-
ture will do wonders with it, but bad
farming soon ruins it. Hence the ne-
cessity of head-farming. Our farmers
must be intelligent; they must read, ob-
serve, experiment and think. When
agriculture on the Island becomes a
science, and when the weevil ceases to
destroy our wheat crops, there will be no
more beautiful or prosperous country on
the face of the earth than this our Island
Home.

Ow1ne to the blunder of not announc-
ing the Heather Belle’s visit to Summer-
side, we did notarrive in the city in time
to witness the Scottish Games. We,how-
ever,made enquiries-‘as to their success,
and the interest taken in them by the
public. ‘The answers we received were
very ambiguous. It appeared to us
that on the whole the proceedings were
considered tame and unsatisfactory. The
fuct is there was wonderfully little en-
thusiasm, even among Scotchmen, about
the matter, The question ‘* What's the
good of these annual displays of:physical
strength and agility ?” is now very fre-
quently asked. We heard it hinted that
men who had plenty of muscular exercise
in their regular employments on the farm
and in the workshop would be much more
profitably employed during their leisure
hours in improving their minds than in
training their muscles to perform feats
which are of no practical value, whatever ;
and we must say that we fully agree with
those who take this view of the subject.
As for keeping alive the spirit of nation-
ality among Scotchmen, all that we have
to say is that we would much rather see
a spirit of nationality and a love of coun-
try created among British Americans than
witness the perpetuation of any old world
pride of fatherland.

We publish in to-day's paper,by order
of the Secretary, the list of prizes to be
awarded for the different articles named,
at ‘the Agricultural and Local Exhibition
to be held in Charlottetown, in October
next. We trust that the farmers and
mechanics of Prince County will be well
represented at the Exhibitiowt: They
proved themselves last week to be the
best marksmen in the Island; let them
prove themselves to be the best farmers
and mechanics also, Especially would
wo urge upon the fair daughters of the
farmers of the County to display their
genius and handiwork.

tw’ Tur Rev. Mr. DesBrisay will,
(D.V.), preach a sermon to Youre Mr,
in the Wesleyan Church at Summerside,
next Sabbath evening, at the usual hour.

er The Steamer Princess of Wales
took from this port on Wednesday morn-
ing last over 1500 bushels new oats.
We understand that 98. per bushel was
paid for the whole of it.

}found that he must make these parts
1 was secretly called to a private audience, | Cavaignac, in his seventy-eighth year, cousin

A state of sicge has been declared in all the

fn which the Queen offered me her hand} of the former head ot the oxecutive power un-| Provinces in consequence of anticipated in-

and heart.’

dor the French Republic.

surrectionary movements.

Yours truly,
BRITON,

August 26, 1867,

j yield more than they had done for many
}
|

years, or starve,

About this time there was a great ery

fe The oyster trade will commence
again next week. On and after the Ist
| September they can bo fished.