~ nana smi

f m the Minister of War,
‘ the supreme

nearly two hours the troops main-
with vigor the unequal tight.
Prince of Prussia, coming from
the west, effected a junction, upon the
plateau of My, with the Crowa Prince
of Saxony’s nen, who were marching
irom the cast, and the Freuch army found
itself enturcly encowpaased, '
From that time the battle might be
considered lost, and our army prisoners,
Jor, cut off from Meizeires, whence it
dvew its supplies and ammunition, it
could only retire behind the fortifications
vt Sedan, where it would become a cen-
tial poiut exposed to the fire of 500
* wnon placed round its circumference,

he Emperor was, from early morn-
ive, in front of the village of Balan,
where, aa has been said, the Twellth
‘orps, commanded by Gen, Lebrun, was
heavily engaged with the enemy, and
well maintained its position; thence he
ascended the slopes of Moncelle, crown-
ot with batteries of artillery, from
whence there was a comprehensive view
o) the battle field,

tle then rode along by the bottom of
Givonue, mecting 4 great number of
wounded,

Reascending the heights, the Emperor
was rejoined for a moment by Gen |
Wimpffen. At all these points the earth |
was ploughed up by a prodigious quan-|
tity of shell from right and left, and)
crossing in their fire. After having re-|
tnsined exposed to this hail of projectiles.
for five hours, the Emperor returned to.
Sedan, in order to consult, if possible, |
with MeMahon; he then intended to re- |
turn to the field of battle, but this he.
was not permitted to do,

The streets, the squares, the gates,
were blocked up with all the ¢mpedémen-
fa that an army in precipitous retreat,
collects in its train; vehicles of every
description, rabbish of all sorts, heaped
up pell-emell, On the heights at the
yates of the town, however, the remain-
ster of the army were still fighting ; but
the corps, not being able to unite, could’
otfer no longer any combined defence.

ad

At half-past 8 o'clock, Gen. Wimpffen So tremendous a disaster shonld not) letter to Pope Pius which mnst have con-

was signed.

A tne Me, Seed

A Ag gt Me AP

The 2d of September was a day the; py. Jesuit College fe Rome hes boon

evil-omened memories of which will)

never be effaced from our minds,

M. de Bismarck had sent word to the
Emperor the previous evening that the

King of Prussia offered him an interview
on the morrow,
peror left Sedan on the morning of the
2d, and sent to iaform Count Biamarek
of hia arrival, and waited for him in a
small house upon the road to Douchery.

BISMARCK DID NOT LONG DELAY

in meeting him, In the conversation
that ensued, the Emperor hastened to
declare that as he had given full powers
to the Regency, with it alone could ne-
gotiations for peace be conducted ; that
he merely delivered his own person into
the hands of the King, claiming nothing
for himself, but appealing to hia gener:
osity for thé army and for France. Le
added that, the war having been unfor-
tunate, he would not altogether throw
off the responsibility which lay upon him,
but that nevertheless, he was bound to

state that he had only obeyed a vivlent-] Powers would strike at the foundation of the |

ly excited national feeling. The papers
have made a crime of these words of the
Emperor, However. both in’ hia pro-
clamation to the army on the eve of his

| departare from Paris, and in his answer | cottied as to exe

Consequently, the Em-

closed by the military authorities, and the
Quirinal Palace forelbly entered hy General
La Marmora, The violent seizure of the
Quivinal Palace is one of tho most nefarious
acts of the usurpers since the ovcupation of
the city, In the Quirinal all the conclaves
for the election of and the regulation
of the Church over the world have been
held for centuries, a conclusive proof of its
ecclesiastical character. It belongs to the
Pope as Head of the Charch, and as such it
is the property of the Charch, and not of the
Popes as Sovereigns of Rome. Pope Pius
refused to surrender the common property
of the Church. When the Lieutenant of the
| Royal Usurper demanded the keys, the Pope
calmly replied that if he wanted them let
him come and take them. Let him with his
Borsegliere break the doors of the Quirinal,
but the keys he should never have from the
| guardian of the rights of the Church. He
| made a forcible entry, and is now in poases-
sion. The usurpation requires the sanction
of the Great Powers, and they are not likely
to approve an aggression unparalleled since
the partition of Poland. It was a red-hand-
ed act of brigandage, in violation of treaty
obligations, and if abetted by the European

| existing settlement of Europe. The Flor-
fence Government took advantage of the
| general confusion to carry ont thelr long-
They hoped, before the war

| projected plot,
came to a close, to have everything 580 |

ee

a

were to one another, and for this purpose
sect one of the powers sur # portion
of its free ageney, by the doctrine aud pro-
ceeding now In ‘natal “> <i a
‘in its separate an vidual capagity brin
- the entire into its own voateel,
and remains bound only to itself. Aceord-
ingly, Prince Gortechakod has announced in
those despatches the intention of Russia to
observe certain provisions of the treaty.
However satisfactory this may be in itself,
an expression of the free will
lof that power, which it might at any time
‘alter or withdraw, and in this is open to the
‘same objections as any other portions of the
‘communication, beenuse it implies the right
of Russia to annul the treaty on the ground
of allegations of « ‘ich she constitutes her-
self the only judge. question, there-
fore, arises, not whether any desire express-
ed by Russia ought to be carefully examin-
edin a friendly spirit by the consignatory
»owers, but whether they ar¢to accept from
her an announcement that ly her own act
and authority, and without agy consent from
them, she has released herself from a solemn
covenant. I need svarcely say that Her
Majesty's Government have received this
communication with deep regret, because it
opens a discussion which might unsettle the
cordial understanding which it has been
their earnest endeavor to maintain with the
| Russian Empire. And for the above men-
‘tioned reasons it is impossible for Her
Majesty’s Government to give any sanction
on thelr part to the eause announced by
Trince Gortehakoff. If, instead of such a

‘it is obviously

lude the intervention of a/ declaration. the Russian Government had
ito the Preside fthe C Legislatif, /¢ "es at they experi ;. advised Her Majesty's Government and
|to the President of the Corps Legisiatif, Congress. But they experienced an unex- | advised r sanjesty 6

he had expressed the same thought! pected dificulty in the resistence of the | other powers who are parties to the treaty
when he said, ‘ We have done all in our Pope. They thought the occupation would | of 1596, and had proposed for a considera-
‘either bring him to terins, or that the in-| tion with them, whether anything has oc-

power to avoid war, and I] can say that
itis the entire nation which has, in its
irresistible elan, prompted our resolu-
tion.”’” This statement was indispens-
able, since every day the Emperor is

itluence they might exercise over the Cardi-|
nals and the principal Romans would over-|
jeome his opposition. When a Congress}
| assembled the Roman question would, they |
ithought, be settled, and, perhaps, Vietor |

cured which could be held to amount to in-
fraction of the treaty, or whether there is
anything in the terms, which from altered

‘elreumstances presses with undue severity

npon Russia, or which in the course of events

still accused of having drawn the sword | Emmanuel crowned by Pope Pius himself!) bad become unnecessary for the due protec-

in a dynastic interest.
The two sovercigns met inthe Chatean
of Bellevue, in the outskirts of Sedan.

Things, however, have not gone on. so)
fsmoothly, The Pope persists in that Non |

| Possumus, the stumbling-bloek and ridicule |

ition of Turkey, Her Majesty's Government

would not have refused to examine the

question in concert with the consignatories |
lof Englishmen. They cannot understand | to the treaty. Whatever might have been |

At this conference the King showed the | Ue eficacy of a phrase backed by two hun-| the result of such circumstances, the risk
lofty feelings which animated him, by | dred and tifty millions of Catholics. “We | of fature complications, and a very danger-

‘exhibiting to the Emperor all the con-/ cannot yield,” says an aged, weak, and
. . . * * ¢, 2
siderations which his misfortunes de-| fenceless man.

manded, and the Emperor preserved an
attitude of the utmost dignity,

Such is the recital of the military op-
erationa which terminated so unhappily
in the surrender of the army of Sedan.

dle- |
ingland smiles at his obsti- |
nacy, but behind him is a power which}
jarms him with an influence that Siates and,
|Soverelgns must respect. We have some-
i thine like an assurance that all, or most of)
ithe Powers are favorable to the independ. |
lence of the Holy See. M. Thiers wrote a

font un offiver to the Baiperor ty prepees, ONLY Wring from us our tears; it should, soled him in his troubles. The venerable

tiat he should place himself in the mid-

deavor to
CUT THEIR WAY THROUGH THE ENCMY

in the direction of Carignan. The Em:
poe who had recoguized the impossi-|
ility of leaving the place on horseback, |

replied that le could not consent to save 19S

dle of a column of meu, who would cn. SHould furnish lessons never to be for-
| golten.

THE MISERIES OF INVASION,

A French paper publishes the follow-
letter from an inhabitant of a small

himself by the sacritice of a great num. town in the department of Scen-et-Oise:—

ber of his soldiers, and that be was de-;

“T take the advantage of an oppor.

termined to share the fate of the army. | tynity of iuforming you that we are still

The proposition of Gen. Wimpflen, as
events proved, bad not the slightest)
chance of success, |

Then it was that the commanders of |
the corps darmee came and announced

having sustained for nearly twelve hours |

eerions resistence. In fact, the soldiers, |
driven against the wallsand thrown into
ditches, were decimated by the enemy’s
artillery, and Sedan itself, choked with
the debria of all the corps, was being
bombarded on all sides.

The shells set the houses on fire, and
struck the wounded who had been car-
ried into them, The great barracks,
converted into a hospital, upon the top
of which floated the red cross flag, were
not spared; and men and horses, huddled
upin the court yard, were continually
hit. Many of the officers and men were
killed in the streets.

SWEPT BY THE ENEMY’s FIRE.

The Emperor then endeavored to make

Known to Gen. Wimpffen the advisabih-

- tyof anger | for an armistice, since every

moment of delay only increased the num-

ber of victims. Not receiving any tid-

ings of the General, at the sight of so

much uselessly-shed blood, and in sneh

" a hopeless situation, the Emperor caused

; the white flag to be hoisted upon the

citadel.

At the same time, tle King of Prussia

feut an officer to Sedan to demand the

scrrender of the place. The Emperor,

not being in command of the army, re-

ferred him to Gen. Wimpffen. The lat-

ter, looking at the gravity of the situa-

tien, and not wishing to take upon him-

- self the initiative of tho capitulation,

sent in his resiguation, which was not
accepted,

The Emperor, convinced, according to
the assertions ot the press, that the King
had declared that he made war not
against France, but against her sovo-
reign, did not hesitate to constitute him-
vell a prisoner, hoping that the object of
the war being obtained by the sacrifice
«f his liberty, the conqueror would be
less exacting towards France and the
army. Le addressed to the King, by
one of his officers, the following letter:
es “ Sire, my brother (Monsieur mon frere);—

Not having been able to die in the midst of my
velag it cnly remains for me to place my sword
cy aspect ong a0 gp I am of your
Mujeety nother (bon frere).

ad : ae
The King replied as follows :
Sire, My brother (Monsicur mon frere ;—Re-

“ grretting the cireutistances under which we mect,

accept the sword of your Majesty, and [ pray
don to name one of your cflicers provided with
ull powers to treat for the capitulation of the
aumy which hae so brawly fought under your

a - On my side, TL have appointed Gen,

_ Diolthe for this purpose. 1 am etree Majenty

ae, ViLLIAM,
: Sedan, Sept. 1, 1870.

Gen. Wi betook himself to the
Troesian aarters, in order there to
ciscuss :

THE TERMS OF SURRENDER.

During the interview the French General

tried — more faverable terms:

lat General Moltke replied: *‘ Your

not number at this moment

80,009 men; we have 230,000,
y surroynd you. Qur ar-

butter; the fields are all ravaged,
houses abandoned by their inhabitants,

alive, but you should see how fatigued,
enanciated, wornout, We do not eat
meatevery day. No more butchers here
no more bakers ; all the establisiiments

, are occupied by Prussians, whose prison-| country in Europe addfeeses pour into tl
to the Emperor that their troops, alter! ors wo are. P =e , I =

One cannot go into ancigh

boring village without a pass from the

an unequal fight, weakened by fatigue | weneral, which is often refused. No
and hunger, could no longer offer any more cows, consequently no milk or

Tn

the pillage is complete; Lot an article
of furniture is unbroken, the looking-
glasses smashed, the tables and chairs
in pieces. All the best linen taken
away; the clocks, the mattresses, the
most precious objects.. I have about
fifty horses at my house, men in. pro-
portion, and this has now lasted ten
days. I have had my two yards separ-
ated. I give the largest, with stables,
coach-houses, barns, &c., to the enemy.
I swagger about like a gendarme to de-
fend my principal house. On Sunday
afternoon, for a beginning, there arrived
more than 6,009 men. They invaded
the house, and even the room of my poor
sick wife. You will’ remember that
some months ago, finding your braces
too long, you cut them, and amused
yoursalf by fastening up the ends on
each side of the nursery chimney-piece,
Well, you will not find them there now;
they have disappeared with tho reet.
They have taken all my boots and
shoes, leaving me only the shoes I had
on my feet. Nothing comes amtss” to
them ; they have carried off the jams and
preserves, « hundred oggs that had been
stored, the shirts that fitted them; the
sugar. coffee, sugarplums, chocolate,
varnishes, &e ; acomplete devastation.
They cut up the cows into joints, and
distribute the wine in my courtyard,
They took all the bread and all the
provisions, established themselves in the
kitchen, brought straw into the dining-
room, and at last towards midnight they
retired to rest, ‘Then only were we able
to cat some remains of a fricasee of rab-
bit, without bread or anything to drink.
About two o’clock an alarm was given,
and they left for Paris, where the can-
non were growling. They went off so
quickly that they did not take time to
put out the candles, which they had cut
in pieces and stuck all over the place.
The damage done in our poor little town
is incalculable, Each day we see num-
erous droves of cows and sheep pass by,
and carts loaded with forage and sacks
of oats. My heart bleeds when I re-
flect that all this comes from my poor
country of Beauce held to rarrsom.
Notice has jast been given that any per-
son found in the woods will be shot ; the
poachers will get into trouble this time,
lt is true that the Prossians take as
many ae 200 inhabitants at a time for
beaters, and shoot like comfortable
townsmen. I have established an am-
bulance at my house, which secures me
some degree of quiet ; I also get a little
broth for my poor wife and some allow-
ance of ncat But if this state of things
continues, we shall soon have famine
amongstus, Itis hoped the Prussians
will consent to sell us the bread and
meat they have stolen from us. It
sounds odd, but so it will be.’”’

The Fcho Du Nord states that it is ceti-

id | saated that the effect of the new levee will

be that France will number 3,000,000 armed

defenders, possessing a powerful artillery 1
to this tiine caunampien. Aeccrdling tothe

aoe at evgebie

| Vatican.

alsd Ge pregnant with testraceton, «eal statesmen, who had sounded Austria and

| nssia, hesought tio Pope to enter into no
jengagements with the usnrpers. The ad-

vice, though well meant, was unnecessary, |

for the Pope would as soon think of arrange-'
;Ments with Venosta as with Garriballi, M. |
Thiers is nota sanguine man. He is can-
| tious and deliberative, and when he assures
| Pope Pins that the Powers with whom he
lcame in contact had shown themselves
favorable to a Congress on the Roman ques-
| tion, and had intimated to him that a posi-
}tion wordhy the Head of the Charch shall
| be secured to the Holy Father, he had the
strongest reasons for the encouraging letter.
iThe Roman difficulty, so far from being
| settled, is only beginning. Catholics through-
jout the world are profoundly agitated by
j the outrage on the Holy See. From every

Woe are told the most enthusiastic
advocates of the spoliation were tha Romans
themselves. Nota disinterested me or
the Pope who did not hail the Italian army
as deliverers! And his enemies referred to
the ballot-box as the test of the unpopalgr-
ty of his Government. It is only a month
since the plebiscite startled the world with
a score of ‘Noes’ in the city of the Popes.
Three weeks after Pope Pins received an
address from four thousand Romans, praying
| for his speedy deliverance from his enemies
aud the resumption of his sovereignty. ‘The
feeling in Rome is accurately described by
the Pall Mall Gaxtie, that persons who
have a stake in the city will not identify
themselves with the new Government,
which becomes more unpopular the more it
is known. Even the lawyers who decided
in favor of Victor Ermmanuel’s ciaim to the
Quirinal refused to sign their own opinion.

a

THE RUSSIAN DIFFICULTY.

In our last issue, we published Prince
Gortchakoff's Circular to Earl Granville—
the following is the English Minister's re-
py:

EARL GRANVILLE TO SIR A. BUCHANAN,
BRITISH AMBASSADOR TO ST. PETERS-
BURG.

Foreicx Orrice, Nov. 12, 1870.

Srr,—Baron Rronnow made to me yester-
day a communication respecting the Con-
vention between the Emperor of Russia and
Sultan, limiting their naval forces in the
Black Sea, signed at Paris on the 30th of
March, 1856, to which you allude in your
telegram of yesterday afternoon. In my
despatch of yesterday I gave you an account
of what passed between us, and I now pro-
pose to observe upon Prince Gortchakoff’s
despatches of the 19th and 20th ult., com-
municated to me by the Russian Ambas-
sador, On that occasion, PrinceGortchakoff
declared on the part of his Imperial Majesty
that the treaty of 1856 has been infringed in
various pik ng to the prejudice of Russia,
more especially in the case of the Principal-
ities, against the a protest of his repre-
sentative, and that in consequence of these
infractions, Russia was entitled to renounce
those stipulations of the treaty which dir-
ectly touch her interests. It is then an-
nounced that she will no longer be bound by
treaties which restrict her rights of sove-
reignty in the Black Sea. We have here an
allegation that certain facts have occurred
which, in the judgment of Russia, are at
variance with certain stipulations of the
treaty, and the assumption made that Russia,
upon the strength of her own “— as
to the character of these facts, is entitled to
release herself from certain other stipulat-
ions of that justrument. This assumption is
limited, in its practical application, to some
of the provisions of the treaty, but the as-
sumption of the right to renounce any of its
terms, involves the assumption of the right
to renounce the whole. This slatement is
wholly independent of reasonableness or un-
reasonableness on its own merits of the
desire of Russia to be released from the ob-
servance of the stipulations of the treaty of
1856, respecting the Black Sea, for the quest-
ion at issue is, in whose hands lies the power
of releasing one or more of the partics from
all or any of these stipulations, and it has
always been held that the right belongs only
to the governments who have been partics
to the original instrument. Despatches from
Prince Gortchakoff appear to assume that
any one of the powers who signed the en-
gagement may allege occurrences have
taken place which, in its opinion, are at
variance with the provisisns of the treaty;
and although this view was not shared nor
ncimitted by the consignatory powers, it may
ad, — that nilegntion not @ request

to those Governments for a consideration of
the case, but an announcement to them that
it has emancipated their or holds itself eman-

each ove of the powers who may have sign-
ed them, the result of which would be

ci from any sti of a treaty | quarries and his guns opposite the
which it thinks fit to isapprove. Yet it is| precipice. shots were \y directed
quite evident that the effect of such a doc- ane sda lh ied ge ob do the
trine and of any ae with or sian columns rested. One short hour
without an avowal is fou upon it, is to | later and with a terrible crash, the Prussians
bring the entire and eflicacy of| were precipitated into the abyss, “If 1
trestles under the control of were to live 100 years,” th

terrible and awful seream, as

ous precedent as to the validity of interna-
tional obligations would have been avoided.
“Tam &e.,
(Signed) * GRANVILLE.
“You will read this despatch and give a
copy to Prince Gortchakofl.”
‘The other despatehes which have passed
between the two eountries will be published
as they reach us.

THE PROSPECTS OF FRANCE.

WE extract from the Dublin Freeman the
following summary of how matters stand in

| France :—

“Though not unwilling to conclude a
peace on honorable terns, France, by her
attitude of proud defiance, lets the world see
that she prefers death before dishonor. The
die is cast, and she will stand the hazard.
If nothing else will satiate Prussia’s lust o
conquest and unappeasable vengeance but to
stifle the life out of the French nation, if she
rejects every fair proposal that has been of-
{ered to her, though urged by the unanimous
volee of Europe, and will not forego her
deadly design, then let her prepare to ex-
terminate an army of millions, for France
will rise like one man, from north to south,
from east to west, to fight for the bare life.

who knows but tts proverbially fickle for-|
tunes may bring about a change in the situa-

tion people little think of now? Our Special
Correspob Qo ronrs, wno Nas travelled
much of late through France, says every one
feels the position, and that the determination
to conqueror is no longer exhibited in noisy
manifestations or useless and grotesque fan-
faronnades. ‘The military resources o

France are far from being exhausted. The
work of organization has steadily and rapid-
ly progressed, and the manufacture of arms
and other munitions of war has been prose-
cuted with great vigour. Gen, Trochu, by
his system of patience and calculation, has,
in the space of a month, succeeded in form. |
ing an army of 509,000 men, half of whom,

ramparts. It is believed that he is preparing |
to make a strenuous effort to brake through |
the German lines with 80,000 or 90,000 nen. |
That the defence of the capital will not de-|
generate into a mere passive resistance, such |
as the enemy appear to count upon, is|
manifested by the extensive works which
have lately been constructed before and be-
tween the detached forts, which are plainly
intended to facilitate a grand sortie in force.
A third levee en masse has been decreed,
calling in all the able-bodied unmarried inen
from 21 to 40 years of age who will be all
required to serve without exemption as here-
tofore. Private industries have been utilised
for .the defence, and each department re-
quired to furnish a tield battery Mily mounted
and equipped for every 100,000 of its popu-
lation, making in allU16 additional batteries |
so that in two months they wiil be able to,
place in the field an artillery of at least 3,-
000 -pieces of cannon.” :

Twenty THovsanp Prusstans Crusnrp
to Dratu.—Our readers may remember of
an announcement having been made in the
French Chambers, somewhat early in the
war, that Bazaine had driven the Prussians
in to the quarries of Jeanmont—the follow-
ing are the details of that action :—

“Regarding the disastrous affair at the
stone quarries at Jeanmont, and of which
we have received scarcely any particulars,
the following have been published by some
German papers as authentic: The affair at
Jeanmont will form in history one of the
most terrible episodes of warfare. Indee
picture it as you like, it is impossible to
reach the pe of horror which it produced
on those who witnessed it, handreds of whom
after the affair stood dumb and paralysed by
terror, and many shed tears on perceiving
that frightful moubtaih of corpses. “The
first cause of this unheard of drama were
four French farmers, who thought themselves
ruined by the Prussians, To take revenge
they offered themselves as guides, and_con-
ducted them to a position which the Prus-
sians considered or and without
the slightest presentiment of the fearfnl am-
buseade into which they were drawn. The
stone quarries at Jeanmont form an immense
deep excavation, whose walls rise up ae
pendicular to the — of seven or eight
stories on several points on which the Prus-
sians took their position, in expection of
having their rear clear and no fear of attack
from that quarter. Ont of the four farmers
who conducted the Prussians into this posi-
tion, one decamped to give notice of the means
by which the whole of them might be des-
troyed. These means were infallible. The
uarries are mainly worked out towards one
side by long underground courses, and es-
ially in several one over another, mines

ay heaped supported by hu ars.
‘o th pillac on ; pad the farm-
ers conducted the asians in the middle of

the night. Informed of all this, Bazaine at
the brenk of day attacked the Prussians in
front. The Prussians fought well, and with
the confidence that they had no fear of an
attack on the rear. In the midst, however,
Cuenrobert arrived, who had gone round the

e fa’
“never should I lose out of my ears that
felt the

entire destruction of treaties in their essence.

ground give way under their f

Che

Wednesday, December 7, 1870.

Avevald.

NG A PNM i wernt at

Ayoruenr complication has arisen in the
affairs of Europe, Russia has a grievance.
It is not a new one-for she has felt itlong;
but the times were, up till now, unfavor-
able for its avowal. Every one believed
that Russia fretted in seeret over the condi-
tions imposed on her by the Treaty of Paris.
They were the price of victory won from
an obstinate foe; and they were the tokens
of a superiority sullenly acquiesced in.
Only as long as the powers who imposed
the conditions remained, united and formi-
dable enough to render infraction danger-
ous, could Russia be expected to bear silent-
ly, the recollection of her humiliation.
Conceasions wrung from a defeated people,
are only the remembrances of disgrace and
the incentives to vengeance, and retaliation
when opportunity shall offer. Russia's op-
pertanity is now. France reeling and stag-
gering under the terrific blows that have
been inflicted on her, is too sorely tried to
pay any heed to the Russian demands.
England must head the opposition, and if to
make that opposition more determined, the
sword has to be drawn, she will miss from
her side, the brave and generous ally, who
stood by her so faithfully in the Crimea.
England leaves France to struggle for very
existence. They are not snrely the prompt-
ings of a generous nature that counsel such
behaviour to a friend. We do not seek to
east blame on England for the part she has
acted, Her attitude has, we doubt not, been
regulated by the canons of diplomacy, most
strictly interpreted, but we are, withal not
prevented from deploring that the principles
of diplomacy, should be so cold, and so far
away from the warm impulses of an ordinary
friendship.

England, therefore, in the crisis which has
arisen, must look around her for new allies.
Ttaly sent a handful of soldiers to the Crimea.
and she offers her armies to withstand the
exactions ef Russia. England's experience
of allies is very varied, and extensive, but
we are much mistaken if she find not the
auxiliary troops of Italy, the worst assistants
she has ever eaperienced. Victor Eniman-
uel could not march to the aid of Napoleon,
although Napoleon had succored him in no
stinted measure; yet he can promise men
iby thousands to check the aggressions of
Russia. Would the Revolution be less like-
ly to bar his return across the Adriatic, than
through the Brener Pass? If, said he, a few
(mouths ago, 1 march to the assistance of
iF rance, I may relinquish my throne. Let
us not, we say, be deceived by Italy. In
jthe event of a war with Russia, her alliance
|is worthless. The Revolution is at her
| throat, and a puppet King is permitted, for
| the nonce, to hold courts, and convoke Par-
‘liaments. "The oeme4y «ft speedily end—

Then will come the final tug of war ©™/ (yen now the last act is in progress.
| Austria is a prop of firmer material, and

‘one on which reliance can be placed, Yet
|to those who remember the ‘dignified atti-
tude” assumed by Austria in 1854, her
eagerness for resisting Russia now, will
appeur a little inconsistent. When France
and England were putting forth their best
efforts, and undergoing immense sacrifices
to curb the ambition of Russia, Austria
sternly maintained an armed neutrality,
overawed, it was helieved, at the time, by
the menaces of Russia. But matters have
much changed since then. The recollection

are capable of taking the field outside the | of the services rendered by Russia to Austria

in her revolutionary distresses, has grown
dim, and the craving for prestige has be-
come sharp. Beust finds inaction dangerous
to his position as 4 Minister, and fatal to the
influence of the Empire.
colossal. The loss of Galicia and Transyl-
vania, would be more dwarfing to Austria,
than the loss of Alsace and Lorraine to
France. In the event of hostilities, there-

ifore, Austria's co-operation with England

would be most energetic, for she has the
very best of motives for being in earnest.
Sohas Turkey Uaer vory evistance will he
threatened if Russia declares war. But her
troops drilled and commanded by British
officers, will be better able to enter upon a
struggle now, than they were at the time of
the Crimean campaign.

Such are the allies upon whom England
ean reckon, in the event of a rupture with

| Russia. It becomes a question, who else

beside Russia is to be her enemy. Russia
has been since the opening of hostilities in
rapture with the successes of Prussia. The
nephew has heen at no pains to conceal his
exultation at the triumphs of his uncle over
France. Congratulatory messages have
flown warmly and rapidly from St. Peters-
burg to the Prussian head-quarters, Only
last month, the Czar conferred the rank of a
Field Marshal on the Crown Prince of Prus-
sia. All this very naturally leads men to
suspect that there exists between Russia and
Pussia, some well understood arrangement
for mutual support, which suspicion is more
than confirmed by the decisive tone of Count
Gortschokoff’s manifesto. He never would
have ventured, it is thought, upon a policy
sd high-handed, had he not had backing
from a powerful ally. Russia’s disasters in
the Crimea, taught her the necessity of
forming strong alliances. We may take it
for granted that the lesson has not been lost,
and the avowal of a secret treaty between
her and Prussia, would convey with it no
surprise. If such a treaty exists, h war with
Russia will greatly relieve the prussure on
France; and Earl Granville, whose reply to
Russia, we print in another column, seems
to heed little whether Russia stands alone
or not. There is couched in his reply a
stern determination to resist at all hazards
the aggression of Russia, no matter who
may be her aiders. As the question stands
war can only be avoided by British submis-
cion or Russian moderation, and neither of
the disputants is at all likely to furnish the
requisite condition.

ae sii
+) a a

AN English Mail was received at the
General Post Office on Thursday «evening
lust. Extracts from our exchanges received
thereby will be found in to-day’s paper.

ob aliinee.
+ > +>

We have Australian dates to tho 6th of
September. The news of the withdrawal
of the French troops from Rome, and the
declaration of the Franco-Prussian war, had

Prussia has grown |.

Tax Catnuouic Wortp ror December.
—This excellent periodical contains this

-|month several articles of great interest.

The tirst we shall notice is a review of Mr.
Froude's History of England. The Catholie
World has indeed caught Mr. Froude nap-
ping. In that gentleman's anxiety to
blacken the character of Mary Queen of
Scots, he quotes a passage said to be taken
from a letter written by Randolph. The
writer in the Magazine proves, through Mr.
Stevenson, keeper of the Record Office, that
no such letter there exists, whereupon Mr.
Froude, or some one for him, writes to the
New York Tribune to say that “there has
been either by himself or a compositor, a
clerical error in giving the name of the
writer of the letter.” The reviewer, how-
ever, does not stop here, but pushes Mr.
Froude without mercy. How the * roman-
tie” historian will free himself, we know not;
but he has been proved to be entirely worthy
of the sneer passed on him by the Saturday
Review, when it remarked:—Mr, Froude
does not seem to have fully grasped the
nature of inverted commas.” The Zavasion
of Rome presents us with an excellent his-
torical digest of Victor Emmanuel’s last
robbery; and a letter from Rome sete forth
in plain language the ag og that are be-
ing perpetrated in the Holy City by its
deliverers! Steps of Belief and“ Answer to
dificulties,” ave of a controversial cast,
closely argued, and written with great judg-
ment and temper, There is a review of a
work entitled the “History of the Irish
Brigades in the service of France,” which
will be read with interest at the present
time. The second instalment of our **Winter
Evenings,” and six chapters of * Dion and
the Sibyls,” make up the department of fic-
tion in the present number.

Tur Desiw Review ron Octorrr.—
Our space permits us this week, only to
name some of the more interesting articles
of this quarterly. The Convent Committee,
is an acconnt of Mr. Newdegate’s raid upon
Convents during the last session of the Brit-
ish Parliament. The ‘ American Church,”
“Lacordaire and his conferences,” and the
“Novels of Jane Austen,” are well treated
themes, filled with information, An articl®
entitled the ** Fall of the French Fmpire.”’
merits more than a passing notice. We
accordingly resorve our comments and ex-
tracts until a further occasion.
oe

St. ANDREW'S DAY.

Wednesday last, was the feast of St. An-
drew, Patron of Scotland, and the Caledo-
nian Club honored it by dining together in
the City Hotel. Many gentlemen of the
city had been invited as guests, and about
forty sat down to dinner, The national
dishes, sheeps head, and haggis occupied

the posts of honor on the table, and the
iarednn of the bagpipes enlivened the enter-

tainment. The Hon, P. Walker, President
of the Ctub, ocetpied the chair, and Licut.
Cols. Rankin and McGill, officiated as
Croupiere. James Reddin, Esq., President
of the Irish Benevolent Society, sat at the
President's right, as guest of the Club.
Dinner over, the usnal loyal and_ patriotic
toasts were proposed, and duly honored by
the assembly. That of the Princess Louisa
and the Marquis of Lorne, was received with
a perfect burst of enthusiasm, and respond-
ed to by Col, McGill in a most rapturous
style. The Lient. Governor, the Legislature,
the Clergy, the Beneh and the Bar, with
many more well selected toasts and _ senti-
ments, gave ample scope for several excel-
lent addresses. It was true to the letter :—
“The night drave on wi sangs and clatter
And aye the yill was gettin better :”

For the evening was marked with much
social kindness and warm feeling. Accord-
ing to immemoriol usage Auld lang Syne,
was sung with due honors before the party
broke ap.

n> im 4:

St. Prren'’s Bay.—We are pleased to

learn that some half dozen of vessels have
boom loaded with produae at the Mand of Ge.

Peter's Bay this fall. The prices have been
fair, though not so high as in Charlottetown,
and other shipping places on the Island,
The fact of so many vessels loading there,
is, however, an indication that a considera-
ble trade will yet spring up at St. Peter's
Bay, as it really ought to, considering the
favorable location of the place, and its rich
resources. There is no reason in the world
why it should not be one of the wealthiest
Districts in the Island, witha proper sum
of money judiciously expended in improving
its harbor and wharf accommodations, as
well as its thoroughfares; but more particu-
larly with a railroad connecting it with our
principal ports of trade, it would, we believe,
be one of the most affluent and thriving
settlements to be found on the Island. We
have strong hopes for the future of St.
Peters. Among those who loaded at that
port this fall, are Wm. Hooper and Julius
Cox, Esqs., of Morell, for Halifax; John A.

McLaine and P, J. Ryan, Esqs., Head of St.
Peter's Bay, for Newloundiana, and wm.

Hayden, Esq., Morell, for England. We
wish them all success in their speculations,
ne, oe cere

Tr is said that Parliament will be asked
to present the Princess Louise on her mar-
riage with the Marquis of Lorne, with the
same dowry as that granted to the Princess
Helena, on her Marriage to Prince Christain
ot Schleswig - Holstein, namely, £50,000,
and an annuity of £6,000.

A few years ago, the Duke of Argyll, who
is the happy father of a dozen children, put
one of his sons in business, contending that
the old barrier between the peerage and
mercantile life onght to be broken, down.
Probably he did not then foresee the honor
which awaited him, nor imagined that, by
taking that step, he would be giving a Royal
Princess a wine merchant for her brother-
in-law. Both events teach the same lesson.
The one that the peerage is seeking to
strengthen itself by alliance with the middle
class; the other that Royalty is seeking to
strengthen itself by alliance with the peer-
age.

00 EB 66 ee eee

Bercnen’s ALMANAC For 1871,—This
venerable old annual, now in its forty-
seventh year, is marked with nono of the
debilities of age. It is Mlled with useful in-
formation and references, and will be an in-

pies
.

just reached the colony,

valuable companion in the office,

— san = “ eee ee =
JHE HERALD, CHARLOTIBTOWN. - - - *- s«*s* * « * * * WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 7, 1670.
thousands of men; and the capitulation | . ROME. Por, whereas, their whole object Is to-bind LITER RATURE. Boog NEW — a impor-

law of Treland by an Act of Parliament at
the end of last session. It will take effect
on the lst January next. Marriages in Ire-
are to be legalised between persons of dif-
ferent religious persuasions on certain con-
ditions set forth being complied with. A
Protestant Episcopalian clergyman may
solemnise a marriage between a Protestant
and a person who is not a Protestant Epis-
copalian; and also by a Roman Catholic
clergyman between a person who is a Roman
Catholic, and a person who is not a Roman
Catholic. A part of the Irish Act passed in
the 19th Gero, IL, cap. 13, which provides
that a marriage between a Papist and any
person who has professed himself or herself
to be a protestant at any time within 12
months before such celebration of marriage,
if celebrated by a Popish priest, is to be void,
is repealed; but any marriage solemnised
by a Protestant Episcopalian clergyman be-
tweon a person who is a Protestant Episco-
palian, or by a Roman Catholic clergyman
between a person who is a Roman Catholic,
shall be void to all intents where the parties
to such marriage knowingly and wilfully in-
termarried without due notice to the regis-
tray, or without a certificate of notice duly
tesued, or without the presence of one or
more Witnesses, or ina building not cot apart
for the celebration of Divine service, aceor-
ding to the rites and ceremonies of the
religion of the clergyman solemuising such
marriage.

Onrrvany.—Mr. Charles J. Ferdinand
died at Montreal on the 25d of October.
Tle was a son of Mr. L. L. Ferdinand, of
Galway, Ireland. A Montreal paper thus
speaks of him :—

“Mr. Ferdinand was a talented young
gentleman of about 25 years of age, highly
edneated and accomplished. He had been
on the press for some years in this country,
and has been snatched away in the vigor of
hope and manhood, when his numerous
frienas had promised for him a distinguished
career, He married into a respectable
family in this city, and leaves a wife and
child to deplore his premature demise.”

Mr. Ferdinand was known to the citizens
of Charlottetown, where, for a time, he was
engaged upon the press of this colony. We
can cordially endorse the encomiums passed
upon him by the Montreal paper, from
which we quote the above. We sympathize
with his friends in his early death,

nn, Le | an

Arrenran incubation of nearly three weeks,
the Putriot reproduces his senilities respect-
ing the temporal power of the Popes. He
rejects Allison, as we expected, but what we
certainly did not expect in one so godly, is
that he tinds fault with the arrangements of
Providence. Mr. Laird should at once take
the distribution of rewards and punishments
into his own hands. ‘That he, an opposer of

the spiritual power, should live and presper,
and Napoleon, the invader of the temporal

power, be struck down and humbled, repre-
sents a state of things which Mr. Laird’s
administrative ability would speedily reme-
dy. We can further assure the Patriot that
whatever favorable estimate Mr. Caven has
formed of “the intelligence of the natives of
Prince Edward Island,” has been formed in
spite of the samples of that commodity sent
forth semi-weekly from the Putriot office,

o}-it ¢
+ a+

late meeting of the inhabitants of George-
town i-—

* Resolved, That it is the opinion of this
meeting, that the late Government ocfliials
in Georgetown and Royalty be requested to
resign, and that their otllces be filled by
persons to be chosen, net from one portion
of the people, but from the united supporters
of the Government.”

This is quite right. The local members
have n rght to the local patronage of the

District they represent —provided they sn
port the administration of the day. By
some unaccountable mistake—which will be
rectified next year — Mr. John MeGuire,
against whose efliciency not an objection
can be raised, was removed. We regret his
removal all the more, beeause it was unin-
tentional,

oii 0.

We have Newfoundland papers of tho
date of the 21st inst. The * ancient’ colon-
ists are still bemoaning the departure of the
red-coats. ‘The St. John’s Patriot thus dis-
courses upon the subject :—

“ Thus, so far as this Island is concerned,
has the “Colonial Policy” of the Imperial
Government been thoroughly carried out.
Nothing now remains to illustrate British
connection, but —- {1s EXCELLENCY THE
Governor! Is there a time coming when
even this symbol shall be removed? We
trust not, but ‘the signs of the times” are
ominous!” :

Tne only local intelligence recorded in
our exchanges is, the destruction, by dogs,
of a vast number of sheep in several parts of
Conception Bay.

The “Island Minstrel,” alias “Paddy the
Piper,” is again in print. Ilis subject is
“the Alabama claims,” but a sly poke is
made at the Clara F. Friend case. Paddy
is unusually witty. After polishing off the
Patriot in humorous style, the annexation
wire-pullers and their dupes of the Clara F,
Prtentt, receive welr yatetiis im two Titres,
the point of which will be readily seen :—

“An’ whin we saw these hancuffed
Min brought in the Po1ts door
Methought of Coartey HALL, an’ said
“Twice Taken,” to be sure.”

nin ultrtaincotee nN Nana

Tur following will give an idea of the
pork trade in this city. There were pureha-
sed by Owon Connolly, Esq., on Friday last,
365 carcases, weighing 101,000 Ibs., costing
£2509; and on Tuesday last over 16,400 lbs.,
costing £360.

4.

Tne Examiner has again changed hands.
Mr. P. R. Bowers is the proprietor. We
wish him success, and trust that he will
realize his most sanguine anticipations from
his enterprise.

Tre brick store and dwelling house on
Queen Street, formerly occupied by Donald
MelIsaac, Esq., was sold by auction to Mr.
John MacEachern, merchant, for £1550.

Tue lady of His the Lieut.
Governor, and four servants,
arrived here on Saturday last from Halifax.

To Corresponpents.—“Stonewall Jack-
son and “H, O'M,” have been received, and
will be disposed of next week.

Mr. Famsanxs has reported in favor of
su ng Charlottetown with pure water.

River is frozon as far

Excellency,
children

Tar tpn oe
et Hickey's wharf, is

open,

Tue following resolution was passed ata .

'®

pasties OM Sa

4
|